Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, 31982, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
Central Laboratory, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, 12411, Egypt.
Cell Stress Chaperones. 2023 Nov;28(6):657-673. doi: 10.1007/s12192-023-01379-0. Epub 2023 Oct 5.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a recent pandemic caused by a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) leading to pulmonary and extra-pulmonary manifestations due to the development of oxidative stress (OS) and hyperinflammation. The underlying cause for OS and hyperinflammation in COVID-19 may be related to the inhibition of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a master regulator of antioxidative responses and cellular homeostasis. The Nrf2 pathway inhibits the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the development of cytokine storm and OS in COVID-19. Nrf2 activators can attenuate endothelial dysfunction (ED), renin-angiotensin system (RAS) dysregulation, immune thrombosis, and coagulopathy. Hence, this review aimed to reveal the potential role of the Nrf2 pathway and its activators in the management of COVID-19. As well, we tried to revise the mechanistic role of the Nrf2 pathway in COVID-19.
新型冠状病毒病（COVID-19）是由一种新型严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的最近的大流行疾病，由于氧化应激（OS）和过度炎症的发展，导致肺部和肺外表现。COVID-19 中 OS 和过度炎症的潜在原因可能与核因子红细胞 2 相关因子 2（Nrf2）的抑制有关，Nrf2 是抗氧化反应和细胞内稳态的主要调节剂。Nrf2 途径抑制 COVID-19 中促炎细胞因子的表达和细胞因子风暴及 OS 的发展。Nrf2 激活剂可减轻内皮功能障碍（ED）、肾素-血管紧张素系统（RAS）失调、免疫血栓形成和凝血异常。因此，本综述旨在揭示 Nrf2 途径及其激活剂在 COVID-19 管理中的潜在作用。此外，我们还试图修正 Nrf2 途径在 COVID-19 中的作用机制。
