Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), Inserm U1153, Inra U1125, Cnam, Paris 13 University, 74, rue Marcel Cachin, 93017, Bobigny, France.
LIP/PC2S, Université de Grenoble Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France.
Nutr J. 2020 Jan 20;19(1):6. doi: 10.1186/s12937-020-0522-7.
Dispositional optimism is a psychological trait that has been associated with positive health outcomes such as reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, there is little knowledge on the relationship between optimism and dietary intake in the population. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to assess whether optimism was associated with overall diet quality, food group consumption and snacking.
In 2016, 32,806 adult participants from the NutriNet-Santé study completed the Life-Orientation Test Revised (LOT-R) which assesses dispositional optimism. Overall diet quality (assessed by the mPNNS-Guideline Score) and consumption of 22 food groups were evaluated using at least three self-reported 24-h dietary records. Snacking behavior was evaluated by an ad-hoc question. Logistic and linear regressions were used to analyze the associations between optimism and these dietary behaviors, taking into account socio-demographic, lifestyle and depressive symptomatology characteristics.
Optimism was associated with greater overall diet quality (β (95% CI) = 0.07 (0.004-0.11), P < 0.0001) and higher consumption of fruit and vegetables, seafood, whole grains, fats, dairy and meat substitutes, legumes, non-salted oleaginous fruits, and negatively associated with consumption of meat and poultry, dairy products, milk-based desserts, sugar and confectionery. In addition, optimism was associated with less snacking (OR (95% CI) = 0.89 (0.84, 0.95)). In contrast, optimism was associated with higher consumption of alcoholic beverage (β (95% CI) = 5.71 (2.54-8.88), P = 0.0004) and appetizers (OR (95% CI) = 1.09 (1.04, 1.14)). Finally, no association was observed between optimism and energy intake.
Optimism was associated with better overall diet quality and less snacking. It was also associated with consumption of healthy food groups as well as unhealthy food groups typically consumed in social eating occasions. These findings suggest that optimism could be taken into account in the promotion of a healthy eating behavior.
性格乐观是一种心理特征，与心血管疾病风险降低等积极健康结果相关。然而，人群中乐观与饮食摄入之间的关系知之甚少。本横断面研究旨在评估乐观是否与整体饮食质量、食物组消费和吃零食有关。
2016 年，NutriNet-Santé 研究的 32806 名成年参与者完成了生活取向测试修订版（LOT-R），该测试评估了性格乐观。通过至少三份自我报告的 24 小时饮食记录评估整体饮食质量（通过 mPNNS-指南评分评估）和 22 种食物组的消费。通过一个特定的问题评估吃零食的行为。考虑到社会人口统计学、生活方式和抑郁症状特征，使用逻辑和线性回归分析乐观与这些饮食行为之间的关联。
乐观与更高的整体饮食质量（β（95%CI）=0.07（0.004-0.11），P<0.0001）和更高的水果和蔬菜、海鲜、全谷物、脂肪、乳制品和肉类替代品、豆类、非盐渍油性水果的消费有关，与肉类和家禽、乳制品、牛奶基甜点、糖和糖果的消费呈负相关。此外，乐观与较少吃零食有关（OR（95%CI）=0.89（0.84, 0.95））。相反，乐观与更高的酒精饮料（β（95%CI）=5.71（2.54-8.88），P=0.0004）和开胃菜（OR（95%CI）=1.09（1.04, 1.14））的消费有关。最后，乐观与能量摄入之间没有关联。
乐观与整体饮食质量更好和较少吃零食有关。它还与健康食物组的消费以及社交进食时通常消费的不健康食物组有关。这些发现表明，在促进健康饮食行为时，可以考虑乐观。
