Exercise Adherence and Obesity Prevention Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
Pediatric Movement Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jan 19;17(2):650. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17020650.
Approximately 50% of preschoolers do not meet physical activity recommendations and children who reside in low-income rural communities may be further at risk for higher levels of sedentary behavior. Outdoor play is essential for preschool children; however, literature is unclear as to which types of interventions elicit moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) for all preschoolers. The aim of this study was to determine which type of intervention, physical activity or fundamental motor skill focus, elicits MVPA during outdoor play. Ninety-eight preschool children (M age = 4.48 years) from one Head Start center participated in an outdoor play intervention two days per week for 7 weeks. Classes were randomly assigned to one of four groups: fundamental motor skill focus (FMS), physical activity focus (PA), FMS and PA (FMS + PA), and control. An accelerometer worn on the hip measured MVPA. Results showed that age, sex and group assignment contributed to MVPA at the beginning of the intervention and age, sex, group assignment and MVPA during the beginning of the intervention contributed to MVPA at the end of the intervention. Overall, the FMS + PA group elicited MVPA from males and females of all ages. Interventions that combine both FMS and PA may reduce physical activity disparities in preschool children.
大约有 50%的学龄前儿童不符合身体活动建议，而居住在低收入农村社区的儿童可能面临更高水平的久坐行为风险。户外活动对学龄前儿童至关重要；然而，文献对于哪种干预类型可以激发所有学龄前儿童的中等到剧烈身体活动（MVPA）并不清楚。本研究旨在确定哪种干预类型，即身体活动或基本运动技能焦点，可以在户外游戏中激发 MVPA。来自一个 Head Start 中心的 98 名学龄前儿童（平均年龄=4.48 岁）每周参加两天的户外游戏干预，共进行了 7 周。班级被随机分配到四个组之一：基本运动技能焦点（FMS）、身体活动焦点（PA）、FMS 和 PA（FMS+PA）和对照组。一个佩戴在臀部的加速度计测量了 MVPA。结果表明，年龄、性别和组分配在干预开始时对 MVPA 有贡献，年龄、性别、组分配和干预开始时的 MVPA 对干预结束时的 MVPA 有贡献。总体而言，FMS+PA 组激发了所有年龄段男性和女性的 MVPA。结合 FMS 和 PA 的干预措施可能会减少学龄前儿童的身体活动差异。
