Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
Interdepartmental University Center of Research "Adaptation and Regeneration of Tissues and Organs (ARTO)", University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
Cells. 2020 Jan 24;9(2):288. doi: 10.3390/cells9020288.
Skeletal muscle disorders are dramatically increasing with human aging with enormous sanitary costs and impact on the quality of life. Preventive and therapeutic tools to limit onset and progression of muscle frailty include nutrition and physical training. Melatonin, the indole produced at nighttime in pineal and extra-pineal sites in mammalians, has recognized anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant properties. Mitochondria are the favorite target of melatonin, which maintains them efficiently, scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative damage. Here, we discuss the most recent evidence of dietary melatonin efficacy in age-related skeletal muscle disorders in cellular, preclinical, and clinical studies. Furthermore, we analyze the emerging impact of melatonin on physical activity. Finally, we consider the newest evidence of the gut-muscle axis and the influence of exercise and probably melatonin on the microbiota. In our opinion, this review reinforces the relevance of melatonin as a safe nutraceutical that limits skeletal muscle frailty and prolongs physical performance.
骨骼肌疾病随着人类衰老而急剧增加，给卫生保健带来巨大负担，并影响生活质量。为了限制肌肉脆弱的发生和进展，预防和治疗手段包括营养和身体训练。褪黑素是哺乳动物的松果体和松果体外部位在夜间产生的吲哚，具有公认的抗衰老、抗炎和抗氧化特性。线粒体是褪黑素的首选靶标，它能有效地维持线粒体，清除自由基并减少氧化损伤。在这里，我们讨论了饮食褪黑素在细胞、临床前和临床研究中对与年龄相关的骨骼肌疾病的最新疗效证据。此外，我们分析了褪黑素对体力活动的新兴影响。最后，我们考虑了肠道-肌肉轴的最新证据，以及运动和可能的褪黑素对微生物组的影响。在我们看来，这篇综述强调了褪黑素作为一种安全的营养保健品的相关性，它可以限制骨骼肌脆弱并延长体力表现。
