Department of Paediatrics, University of Otago, PO Box 4345, Christchurch Mail Centre, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand.
Department of Population Health, University of Otago, PO Box 4345, Christchurch Mail Centre, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand.
BMC Public Health. 2020 Jan 28;20(1):116. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-8221-z.
Listeria monocytogenes causes the foodborne infection listeriosis. Pregnant women, infants and immunocompromised children are at increased risk for infection. The aim of this study was to describe the trends in the epidemiology of disease notifications and hospital admissions due to listeriosis in pregnant women aged 15 to 45 years and children aged less than 15 years in New Zealand (NZ) from 1997 to 2016.
In this population-based descriptive study, listeriosis notification and hospitalization rates from 1997 to 2016 were analyzed. Notification data were extracted from the Institute of Environmental Science and Research (ESR) Notifiable Diseases Database (EpiSurv) and hospitalization data were extracted from the National Minimum Dataset (NMDS). Pregnant women aged 15 to 45 years and children less than 15 years of age were included. Subgroup analysis was conducted for age and ethnicity. Outcomes of infection were described.
In the 20-year period considered, there were 147 pregnancy-associated cases of listeriosis either notified to ESR (n = 106) and/or coded in the NMDS (n = 99), giving a crude incidence rate of 12.3 (95% CI 10.4, 14.4) per 100,000 births. In addition, there were 22 cases in children aged 28 days to < 15 years (incidence =0.12, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.19 per 100,000). There were no trends observed over time in the incidence of pregnancy-associated listeriosis. Incidence rates of pregnancy-associated and childhood listeriosis were highest in people of Pacific and Asian ethnicity.
NZ has a low incidence of listeriosis in pregnant women and children, however, the consequences of infection are frequently severe. Those of Pacific and Asian ethnicity have the highest rates of disease and future messaging around food safety should target these groups. This study provides important insights into the epidemiology of listeriosis in pregnant women and children in NZ.
单核细胞增生李斯特菌会引起食源性感染李斯特菌病。孕妇、婴儿和免疫功能低下的儿童感染风险增加。本研究旨在描述 1997 年至 2016 年期间新西兰（NZ）15 至 45 岁孕妇和 15 岁以下儿童李斯特菌病的疾病通知和住院治疗趋势。
在这项基于人群的描述性研究中，分析了 1997 年至 2016 年的李斯特菌病通知和住院率。通知数据从环境科学与研究研究所（ESR）的法定传染病数据库（EpiSurv）中提取，住院数据从国家最低数据集（NMDS）中提取。包括 15 至 45 岁的孕妇和 15 岁以下的儿童。按年龄和族裔进行亚组分析。描述了感染的结果。
在考虑的 20 年期间，有 147 例妊娠相关李斯特菌病病例向 ESR 报告（n=106）和/或在 NMDS 中编码（n=99），粗发病率为每 100,000 例分娩 12.3（95%CI 10.4，14.4）。此外，有 22 例 28 天至<15 岁的儿童病例（发病率=0.12，95%CI 0.08 至 0.19 每 100,000 例）。妊娠相关李斯特菌病的发病率没有随时间的推移而变化。妊娠相关和儿童李斯特菌病的发病率在太平洋和亚洲族裔的人群中最高。
新西兰孕妇和儿童李斯特菌病的发病率较低，但感染的后果通常很严重。太平洋和亚洲族裔的发病率最高，未来有关食品安全的信息应针对这些群体。本研究为新西兰孕妇和儿童李斯特菌病的流行病学提供了重要的见解。
