Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, 318 Campus Drive E250 Clark Center, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States.
Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 291 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States.
Sci Rep. 2020 Jan 29;10(1):1405. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-58000-y.
While low-carbohydrate and low-fat diets can both lead to weight-loss, a substantial variability in achieved long-term outcomes exists among obese but otherwise healthy adults. We examined the hypothesis that structural differences in the gut microbiota explain a portion of variability in weight-loss using two cohorts of obese adults enrolled in the Diet Intervention Examining The Factors Interacting with Treatment Success (DIETFITS) study. A total of 161 pre-diet fecal samples were sequenced from a discovery cohort (n = 66) and 106 from a validation cohort (n = 56). An additional 157 fecal samples were sequenced from the discovery cohort after 10 weeks of dietary intervention. We found no specific bacterial signatures associated with weight loss that were consistent across both cohorts. However, the gut microbiota plasticity (i.e. variability), was correlated with long-term (12-month) weight loss in a diet-dependent manner; on the low-fat diet subjects with higher pre-diet daily plasticity had higher sustained weight loss, whereas on the low-carbohydrate diet those with higher plasticity over 10 weeks of dieting had higher 12-month weight loss. Our findings suggest the potential importance of gut microbiota plasticity for sustained weight-loss. We highlight the advantages of evaluating kinetic trends and assessing reproducibility in studies of the gut microbiota.
虽然低碳水化合物和低脂肪饮食都可以导致体重减轻，但在肥胖但其他方面健康的成年人中，长期减肥效果存在很大的可变性。我们检验了这样一个假设，即肠道微生物组的结构差异可以解释体重减轻的部分可变性，我们使用参加 Diet Intervention Examining The Factors Interacting with Treatment Success（DIETFITS）研究的两组肥胖成年人的数据来检验这个假设。从发现队列（n = 66）和验证队列（n = 56）中，总共对 161 个减肥前的粪便样本进行了测序。在 10 周的饮食干预后，从发现队列中又获得了 157 个粪便样本。我们没有发现与两个队列都一致的与体重减轻相关的特定细菌特征。然而，肠道微生物组的可塑性（即变异性）与长期（12 个月）的体重减轻呈饮食依赖的方式相关；在低脂饮食中，减肥前每日变异性较高的受试者持续减肥效果更高，而在低碳水化合物饮食中，10 周节食期间变异性较高的受试者 12 个月的体重减轻更多。我们的研究结果表明，肠道微生物组可塑性对持续减肥的潜在重要性。我们强调了在研究肠道微生物组时评估动态趋势和评估重现性的优势。
