Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Pacific Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA.
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2020;39:1-28. doi: 10.21775/cimb.039.001. Epub 2020 Jan 30.
The recent discovery that multiple species of shrews and moles (order Eulipotyphla, families Soricidae and Talpidae) from Europe, Asia, Africa and/or North America harbour genetically distinct viruses belonging to the family (order ) has prompted a further exploration of their host diversification. In analysing thousands of frozen, RNAlater-preserved and ethanol-fixed tissues from bats (order Chiroptera) by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), ten hantaviruses have been detected to date in bat species belonging to the suborder Yinpterochiroptera (families Hipposideridae, Pteropodidae and Rhinolophidae) and the suborder Yangochiroptera (families Emballonuriade, Nycteridae and Vespertilionidae). Of these, six hantaviruses are from Asia (Xuân Son virus and Dakrông virus in Vietnam; Láibin virus in China and Myanmar; Huángpí virus and Lóngquán virus in China; and Quezon virus in the Philippines); three are from Africa (Mouyassué virus in Côte d'Ivoire and Ethiopia; Magboi virus in Sierra Leone; and Makokou virus in Gabon); and one from Europe (Brno virus in the Czech Republic). Molecular identification of many more bat-borne hantaviruses is expected. However, thus far, none of these newfound viruses has been isolated in cell culture and it is unclear if they cause infection or disease in humans. Future research must focus on myriad unanswered questions about the genetic diversity and geographic distribution, as well as the pathogenic potential, of bat-borne viruses of the family .
最近的发现表明，来自欧洲、亚洲、非洲和/或北美的多种鼩鼱和鼹鼠（Eulipotyphla 目，鼩鼱科和鼹科）物种携带属于家族（目）的遗传上不同的病毒。这促使人们进一步探索它们的宿主多样性。通过对数千份来自蝙蝠（翼手目）的冷冻、RNAlater 保存和乙醇固定组织进行逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）分析，迄今为止已在属于阴翼手亚目（ Hipposideridae 科、Pteropodidae 科和 Rhinolophidae 科）和阳翼手亚目（ Emballonuridae 科、Nycteridae 科和 Vespertilionidae 科）的蝙蝠物种中检测到了十种汉坦病毒。其中，六种汉坦病毒来自亚洲（越南的 Xuân Son 病毒和 Dakrông 病毒；中国和缅甸的 Láibin 病毒；中国的 Huángpí 病毒和 Lóngquán 病毒；以及菲律宾的 Quezon 病毒）；三种来自非洲（科特迪瓦和埃塞俄比亚的 Mouyassué 病毒；塞拉利昂的 Magboi 病毒；以及加蓬的 Makokou 病毒）；一种来自欧洲（捷克共和国的 Brno 病毒）。预计会有更多的蝙蝠携带汉坦病毒被分子鉴定。然而，到目前为止，这些新发现的病毒都没有在细胞培养中分离出来，也不清楚它们是否会引起人类感染或疾病。未来的研究必须集中在关于蝙蝠携带的病毒家族的遗传多样性和地理分布，以及致病潜力的无数未解决的问题上。
