Department of Environmental Parasitology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan.
Viruses. 2020 Jan 27;12(2):147. doi: 10.3390/v12020147.
Entomological surveillance is one of the tools used in monitoring and controlling vector-borne diseases. However, the use of entomological surveillance for arboviral infection vector control is often dependent on finding infected individuals. Although this method may suffice in highly endemic areas, it is not as effective in controlling the spread of diseases in low endemic and non-endemic areas. In this study, we examined the efficiency of using entomological markers to assess the status and risk of arbovirus infection in Ghana, which is considered a non-endemic country, by combining mosquito surveillance with virus isolation and detection. This study reports the presence of cryptic species of mosquitoes in Ghana, demonstrating the need to combine morphological identification and molecular techniques in mosquito surveillance. Furthermore, although no medically important viruses were detected, the importance of insect-specific viruses in understanding virus evolution and arbovirus transmission is discussed. This study reports the first mutualistic relationship between dengue virus and the double-stranded RNA Aedes aegypti totivirus. Finally, this study discusses the complexity of the virome of Aedes and Culex mosquitoes and its implication for arbovirus transmission.
昆虫学监测是监测和控制虫媒疾病的工具之一。然而，利用昆虫学监测来控制虫媒病毒感染的媒介通常依赖于发现感染个体。尽管这种方法在高度流行地区可能足够，但在控制低流行和非流行地区疾病的传播方面效果不佳。在这项研究中，我们通过将蚊子监测与病毒分离和检测相结合，检查了使用昆虫学标记物评估加纳（被认为是非流行国家）虫媒病毒感染状况和风险的效率。本研究报告了加纳存在隐种蚊子，这表明需要将形态识别和分子技术结合起来进行蚊子监测。此外，尽管没有检测到具有医学重要性的病毒，但讨论了昆虫特异性病毒在了解病毒进化和虫媒病毒传播中的重要性。本研究报告了登革热病毒与双股 RNA 埃及伊蚊全病毒之间的首次共生关系。最后，本研究讨论了埃及伊蚊和库蚊病毒组的复杂性及其对虫媒病毒传播的影响。
