Linden-Carmichael Ashley N, Chiang Shou-Chun, Van Doren Natalia, Bhandari Sandesh
Department of Counseling Psychology and Human Services, College of Education, University of Oregon.
College of Health and Human Development, Pennsylvania State University.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2025 May;39(3):278-289. doi: 10.1037/adb0001043. Epub 2024 Dec 2.
Simultaneous use of alcohol and cannabis is prevalent among young adults and associated with heightened risk for harms. Individuals who engage in simultaneous use report a variety of types of use occasions and risk factors driving use occasions are unique and dynamic in nature. Intervention content may thus need to adapt to address differences across occasions. As a first step toward developing momentary interventions, it is critical to identify whether and when psychosocial factors are associated with simultaneous use. The present study aimed to identify the most critical morning and afternoon risk factors for later-day simultaneous use.
Participants were 119 young adult college students (63% female; 73% non-Hispanic/Latinx White) who reported weekly simultaneous use at baseline. Participants completed an online baseline survey and an ecological momentary assessment protocol (eight prompts/day) across four consecutive weekends.
Multilevel models revealed that morning willingness to engage in simultaneous use and social motives were associated with higher odds of later-day simultaneous use. Afternoon willingness and cross-fading motives were significantly associated with higher odds of later-day use. Morning and afternoon conformity motives were associated with lower odds of use.
Early-day willingness to use, morning social motives, and afternoon cross-fading motives were the most salient predictors of later-day simultaneous use and may serve as viable tailoring variables to incorporate in momentary interventions. As simultaneous use episodes commonly start after 9 p.m., there is a large time window in between early-day predictors and use behavior during which timely intervention content could be delivered. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).
酒精和大麻同时使用在年轻人中很普遍，且与伤害风险增加有关。同时使用酒精和大麻的个体报告了多种使用场合类型，且驱动使用场合的风险因素具有独特性和动态性。因此，干预内容可能需要做出调整以应对不同场合的差异。作为开发即时干预措施的第一步，确定心理社会因素是否以及何时与同时使用相关至关重要。本研究旨在确定当天晚些时候同时使用酒精和大麻的最关键的上午和下午风险因素。
参与者为119名年轻的大学生（63%为女性；73%为非西班牙裔/拉丁裔白人），他们在基线时报告每周同时使用酒精和大麻。参与者完成了一项在线基线调查以及一项连续四个周末的生态即时评估方案（每天8次提示）。
多层次模型显示，上午同时使用的意愿和社交动机与当天晚些时候同时使用的较高几率相关。下午的使用意愿和交叉递减动机与当天晚些时候使用的较高几率显著相关。上午和下午的从众动机与使用几率较低相关。
当天早些时候的使用意愿、上午的社交动机和下午的交叉递减动机是当天晚些时候同时使用的最显著预测因素，可作为可行的定制变量纳入即时干预措施。由于同时使用事件通常在晚上9点之后开始，在当天早些时候的预测因素和使用行为之间有很大的时间窗口，可以在此期间提供及时的干预内容。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》（c）2025美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
