Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 900953, USA.
Cells. 2020 Feb 1;9(2):334. doi: 10.3390/cells9020334.
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are tissue-resident sentinels of the immune system that function to protect local tissue microenvironments against pathogens and maintain homeostasis. However, because ILCs are sensitively tuned to perturbations within tissues, they can also contribute to host pathology when critical activating signals become dysregulated. Recent work has demonstrated that the crosstalk between ILCs and their environment has a significant impact on host metabolism in health and disease. In this review, we summarize studies that support evidence for the ability of ILCs to influence tissue and systemic metabolism, as well as how ILCs can be regulated by environmental changes in systemic host metabolism. We also highlight studies demonstrating how ILC- intrinsic metabolism influences their activation, proliferation, and homeostasis. Finally, this review discusses the challenges and open questions in the rapidly expanding field of ILCs and immunometabolism.
先天淋巴细胞（ILCs）是免疫系统驻留的哨兵，其功能是保护局部组织微环境免受病原体侵害并维持体内平衡。然而，由于 ILCs 对组织内的扰动非常敏感，因此当关键的激活信号失调时，它们也可能导致宿主病理学发生。最近的研究表明，ILCs 与其环境之间的相互作用对宿主在健康和疾病中的代谢有重大影响。在这篇综述中，我们总结了支持 ILCs 影响组织和全身代谢能力的研究证据，以及 ILCs 如何受到全身宿主代谢环境变化的调节。我们还强调了一些研究，这些研究表明 ILC 内在代谢如何影响它们的激活、增殖和稳态。最后，本文讨论了先天淋巴细胞和免疫代谢这一快速发展领域中存在的挑战和未解决的问题。
