Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb 1;21(3):972. doi: 10.3390/ijms21030972.
The intestinal epithelial monolayer forms a transcellular and paracellular barrier that separates luminal contents from the interstitium. The paracellular barrier consists of a highly organized complex of intercellular junctions that is primarily regulated by apical tight junction proteins and tight junction-associated proteins. This homeostatic barrier can be lost through a multitude of injurious events that cause the disruption of the tight junction complex. Acute repair after injury leading to the reestablishment of the tight junction barrier is crucial for the return of both barrier function as well as other cellular functions, including water regulation and nutrient absorption. This review provides an overview of the tight junction complex components and how they link to other plasmalemmal proteins, such as ion channels and transporters, to induce tight junction closure during repair of acute injury. Understanding the components of interepithelial tight junctions and the mechanisms of tight junction regulation after injury is crucial for developing future therapeutic targets for patients experiencing dysregulated intestinal permeability.
肠上皮单层形成了一个细胞间和细胞旁的屏障，将腔内容物与间质分隔开来。细胞旁屏障由细胞间连接的高度组织化复合物组成，主要由顶端紧密连接蛋白和紧密连接相关蛋白调节。这种体内平衡的屏障可以通过多种损伤事件丢失，这些损伤事件导致紧密连接复合物的破坏。损伤后的急性修复导致紧密连接屏障的重建对于恢复屏障功能以及其他细胞功能（包括水调节和营养吸收）至关重要。本综述概述了紧密连接复合物的组成部分，以及它们如何与其他质膜蛋白（如离子通道和转运蛋白）连接，在急性损伤修复过程中诱导紧密连接闭合。了解细胞间紧密连接的组成部分以及损伤后紧密连接调节的机制对于为经历肠道通透性失调的患者开发未来的治疗靶点至关重要。
