Sosso F A Etindele, Kuss D J, Vandelanotte C, Jasso-Medrano J L, Husain M E, Curcio G, Papadopoulos D, Aseem A, Bhati P, Lopez-Rosales F, Becerra J Ramon, D'Aurizio G, Mansouri H, Khoury T, Campbell M, Toth A J
Center for Advanced Studies in Sleep Medicine, Hopital du Sacré-Coeur de Montreal, Research Center of Cognitive Neurosciences, Institut Santé et Société, Université du Québec à Montreal, Québec, Canada.
School of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, International Gaming Research Unit and the Cyberpsychology Group, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK.
Sci Rep. 2020 Feb 6;10(1):1937. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-58462-0.
Gaming has increasingly become a part of life in Africa. Currently, no data on gaming disorders or their association with mental disorders exist for African countries. This study for the first time investigated (1) the prevalence of insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness, anxiety and depression among African gamers, (2) the association between these conditions and gamer types (i.e., non-problematic, engaged, problematic and addicted) and (3) the predictive power of socioeconomic markers (education, age, income, marital status, employment status) on these conditions. 10,566 people from 2 low- (Rwanda, Gabon), 6 lower-middle (Cameroon, Nigeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Senegal, Ivory Coast) and 1 upper-middle income countries (South Africa) completed online questionnaires containing validated measures on insomnia, sleepiness, anxiety, depression and gaming addiction. Results showed our sample of gamers (24 ± 2.8 yrs; 88.64% Male), 30% were addicted, 30% were problematic, 8% were engaged and 32% were non-problematic. Gaming significantly contributed to 86.9% of the variance in insomnia, 82.7% of the variance in daytime sleepiness and 82.3% of the variance in anxiety [p < 0.001]. This study establishes the prevalence of gaming, mood and sleep disorders, in a large African sample. Our results corroborate previous studies, reporting problematic and addicted gamers show poorer health outcomes compared with non-problematic gamers.
游戏在非洲日益成为人们生活的一部分。目前，非洲国家尚无关于游戏障碍及其与精神障碍关联的数据。本研究首次调查了：（1）非洲游戏玩家中失眠、日间过度嗜睡、焦虑和抑郁的患病率；（2）这些状况与游戏玩家类型（即无问题型、投入型、问题型和成瘾型）之间的关联；（3）社会经济指标（教育程度、年龄、收入、婚姻状况、就业状况）对这些状况的预测能力。来自2个低收入国家（卢旺达、加蓬）、6个中低收入国家（喀麦隆、尼日利亚、摩洛哥、突尼斯、塞内加尔、科特迪瓦）和1个中高收入国家（南非）的10566人完成了在线问卷，问卷包含经验证的关于失眠、嗜睡、焦虑、抑郁和游戏成瘾的测量指标。结果显示，我们的游戏玩家样本（24±2.8岁；88.64%为男性）中，30%为成瘾型，30%为问题型，8%为投入型，32%为无问题型。游戏对失眠变异的贡献率为86.9%，对日间嗜睡变异的贡献率为82.7%，对焦虑变异的贡献率为82.3%[p<0.001]。本研究确定了非洲一个大样本中游戏、情绪和睡眠障碍的患病率。我们的结果证实了先前的研究，即有问题和成瘾的游戏玩家与无问题的游戏玩家相比，健康状况较差。
