Ruiz-Navarro Jesús J, Morouço Pedro G, Arellano Raúl
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2020 Feb 7;15(8):1087-1094. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2019-0466. Print 2020 Sep 1.
To study the relationship between tethered swimming in a flume at different speeds and swimming performance.
Sixteen regional-level swimmers performed 25-, 50-, and 100-m front-crawl trials and four 30-s tethered-swimming tests at 0, 0.926, 1.124, and 1.389 m·s-1 water-flow velocities. Average and maximum force, average and maximum impulse, and intracyclic force variation (dF) were estimated for each tethered-swimming trial. Swimming velocity and intracyclic velocity variation (dv) were obtained for each free-swimming trial. Stroke rate and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were registered for all trials.
Tethered-swimming variables, both at 1.124 m·s-1 and at 1.389 m·s-1 water-flow velocities, were positively associated with 25-m swimming velocity (P < .05). Average force and maximum impulse in stationary swimming were significantly associated with 25-m swimming velocity (P < .05). A positive relationship between water-flow velocities with dF was observed. Swimming performance was not related to dF or dv. Neither stroke rate nor RPE differed between the 4 tethered conditions and mean 50-m free-swimming velocity (P > .05).
Measuring force in a swimming flume at higher water-flow velocities is a better indicator of performance than stationary tethered swimming. It enables assessment of the ability to effectively apply force in the water.
研究在水槽中以不同速度进行束缚游泳与游泳表现之间的关系。
16名地区级游泳运动员进行了25米、50米和100米的自由泳测试，以及在水流速度为0、0.926、1.124和1.389米·秒⁻¹的条件下进行的4次30秒束缚游泳测试。对每次束缚游泳测试估算平均力和最大力、平均冲量和最大冲量以及周期内力变化（dF）。对每次自由泳测试获取游泳速度和周期内速度变化（dv）。记录所有测试的划水频率和主观用力程度（RPE）。
在水流速度为1.124米·秒⁻¹和1.389米·秒⁻¹时，束缚游泳变量与25米游泳速度呈正相关（P < 0.05）。静止游泳时的平均力和最大冲量与25米游泳速度显著相关（P < 0.05）。观察到水流速度与dF之间存在正相关关系。游泳表现与dF或dv无关。在4种束缚条件与平均50米自由泳速度之间，划水频率和RPE均无差异（P > 0.05）。
在较高水流速度的游泳水槽中测量力比静止束缚游泳更能准确反映游泳表现。它能够评估在水中有效施加力的能力。
