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2002 年至 2012 年期间中国人群交通方式和时间趋势。

Trends in Transportation Modes and Time among Chinese Population from 2002 to 2012.

机构信息

National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.

出版信息

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Feb 4;17(3):945. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17030945.

DOI:10.3390/ijerph17030945
PMID:32033007
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7036899/
Abstract

Giving the rising trends in obesity and chronic diseases in China, strategies to increase physical activity are important. Transport-related activity is a substantial source of physical activity and can be easily incorporated into the daily lives. It is a key social factor of health, which can help improve people's mental and physical health and decrease environmental pollution. However, little is known about recent trends in transportation modes and time in China. Between 2002 and 2010-2012, information about transportation behaviors of Chinese population aged 15 years or older were collected within two Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveys. A stratified multistage cluster sampling method was conducted to select participants. Sociodemographic information, transportation modes, and time were collected during face-to-face interviews. The study included 82,377 (mean age 41.2 years) and 143,075 (mean age 48.7 years) participants in the 2002 and 2010-2012 surveys respectively. The weighted prevalence of active transportation (including walking and cycling) decreased from 83.8% in 2002 to 54.3% in 2010-2012 ( < 0.001). During the same period, the number of participants using public transportation (including taking the bus, subway, or shuttle bus) has doubled (7.5% and 15.7%, respectively, for 2002 and 2010-2012, ( < 0.001)), and the proportion of inactive transportation (including driving or taking a car, motorcycle, taxi, or electric bicycle) more than tripled. Concurrently, the transportation time almost doubled with an increase of 25.9 min over the 10 years ( < 0.001). The prevalence of active transportation increased with age. Participants with higher family income and education reported a lower prevalence of active transportation. Females were more likely to use active transportation (OR (95% CI): 4.41 (4.14-4.70) and 2.50 (2.44-2.57), respectively, for 2002 and 2010-2012, where males were the reference). Before the prevalence of active transportation and physical activity gets lower, there is a need for the public health sector and the transport and land use sector to work together to develop related policies and initiatives with the aim of promoting active transportation and public transportation to increase the levels of physical activity and to decrease the risks of chronic diseases.

摘要

鉴于中国肥胖和慢性病发病率不断上升,增加身体活动的策略十分重要。交通相关活动是身体活动的重要来源,并且可以很容易地融入日常生活中。它是健康的关键社会因素,可以帮助改善人们的身心健康并减少环境污染。然而,目前对于中国交通方式和时间的最新趋势还知之甚少。在 2002 年至 2010-2012 年期间,两次中国营养与健康调查中收集了 15 岁及以上人群的交通行为信息。采用分层多阶段聚类抽样方法选择参与者。通过面对面访谈收集社会人口统计学信息、交通方式和时间。研究包括 2002 年调查的 82377 名(平均年龄 41.2 岁)和 2010-2012 年调查的 143075 名(平均年龄 48.7 岁)参与者。2002 年积极交通(包括步行和骑自行车)的加权患病率为 83.8%,到 2010-2012 年降至 54.3%(<0.001)。同期,使用公共交通工具(包括乘坐公共汽车、地铁或班车)的参与者人数增加了一倍(2002 年为 7.5%,2010-2012 年为 15.7%,<0.001),而不活动交通(包括驾驶或乘坐汽车、摩托车、出租车或电动自行车)的比例增加了两倍多。与此同时,交通时间几乎翻了一番,10 年内增加了 25.9 分钟(<0.001)。积极交通的流行率随年龄增长而增加。家庭收入和教育水平较高的参与者报告的积极交通流行率较低。女性更有可能使用积极的交通方式(OR(95%CI):2002 年为 4.41(4.14-4.70)和 2010-2012 年为 2.50(2.44-2.57),男性为参考)。在积极交通和身体活动的流行率下降之前,公共卫生部门和交通及土地使用部门需要共同努力,制定相关政策和举措,以促进积极交通和公共交通,提高身体活动水平,并降低慢性病风险。

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