Li Qiu Fang, Wang Hui, Zheng Lan, Yang Fan, Li Han Zhe, Li Jin Xiu, Cheng Dan, Lu Kai, Liu Yang
Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Exercise Rehabilitation of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
Front Physiol. 2020 Jan 21;10:1610. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01610. eCollection 2019.
Mild normobaric hypoxia (NH) and modest exercise have multiple beneficial effects on health, but the changes in physiological function induced by NH and/or exercise remain unclear. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the specific effects of NH and/or exercise on cardiac function and myocardial structure and behavior including sleep-activity and negative geotaxis in aged We also assessed the survival rate of flies after hypoxia and/or exercise. One-thousand wild-type w virgin female flies were randomly divided into four groups and treated with NH and/or exercise from ages 3-6 weeks. We found that exercise remarkably delayed the decline of actin and myosin and the age-related changes in cardiac structure, improved abnormal cardiac contraction, and enhanced the cardiac pumping force by inducing cardiac hypertrophy and delaying deterioration of cardiac contractility and diastolic compliance, and improved abnormal heart contraction. NH also increased the content of actin and myosin, but induced a decrease in heart diameter and heart rate, as well as an increase in the number of mitochondria and deeper sleep, which may be the manifestation of energy saving under long-term hypoxia. Both NH and exercise improved sleep quality and climbing ability of aged flies, as well as extended the maximum life span, which shows the benefits of hypoxia and exercise. Finally, the superposition of NH and exercise did not impart any obvious physiological and behavior improvement. Therefore, it is necessary to further explore the appropriate combination of hypoxia and exercise.
轻度常压缺氧（NH）和适度运动对健康有多种有益影响，但NH和/或运动引起的生理功能变化仍不清楚。本研究的目的是探讨NH和/或运动对老年果蝇心脏功能、心肌结构和行为（包括睡眠活动和负趋地性）的具体影响。我们还评估了缺氧和/或运动后果蝇的存活率。将1000只野生型处女雌蝇随机分为四组，在3至6周龄时进行NH和/或运动处理。我们发现，运动显著延缓了肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白的减少以及心脏结构的年龄相关变化，改善了心脏收缩异常，并通过诱导心脏肥大、延缓心脏收缩力和舒张顺应性的恶化来增强心脏泵血力，改善了心脏收缩异常。NH还增加了肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白的含量，但导致心脏直径和心率降低，以及线粒体数量增加和睡眠加深，这可能是长期缺氧下节能的表现。NH和运动都改善了老年果蝇的睡眠质量和攀爬能力，以及延长了最大寿命，这显示了缺氧和运动的益处。最后，NH和运动的叠加并没有带来任何明显的生理和行为改善。因此，有必要进一步探索缺氧和运动的合适组合。
