Li Yueying, Li Shengnan, Ren Yanna, Chen Jianxin, Yang Weiping
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Hubei University, Wuhan, China.
Department of Psychology, College of Humanities and Management, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China.
Front Psychol. 2020 Jan 23;10:3082. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.03082. eCollection 2019.
This article aims to investigate the interaction effects of emotional valence (negative, positive) and stimulus type (sticker, face) on attention allocation and information retrieval in spatial working memory (WM). The difference in recognition of emotional faces and stickers was also further explored. Using a high-resolution event-related potential (ERP) technique, a time-locked delayed matching-to-sample task (DMST) was employed that allowed separate investigations of target, delay, and probe phases. Twenty-two subjects participated in our experiment. The results indicated that negative face can catch early attention in information encoding, which was indicated by the augmentation of the attention-related P200 amplitude. In the delay phase, the N170 component represents facial specificity and showed a negative bias against stickers. For information retrieval, the increase in the emotion-related late positive component (LPC) showed that positive emotion could damage spatial WM and consume more cognitive resources. Moreover, stickers have the ability to catch an individual's attention throughout the whole course of spatial WM with larger amplitudes of the attention-related P200, the negative slow wave (NSW), and the LPC. These findings highlight the role of stickers in different phases of spatial WM and provide new viewpoints for WM research on mental patients.
本文旨在研究情绪效价（消极、积极）和刺激类型（贴纸、面部）对空间工作记忆（WM）中注意力分配和信息检索的交互作用。同时，还进一步探讨了对情绪面部和贴纸识别的差异。采用高分辨率事件相关电位（ERP）技术，运用了时间锁定的延迟样本匹配任务（DMST），该任务允许对目标、延迟和探测阶段进行单独研究。22名受试者参与了我们的实验。结果表明，消极面部在信息编码过程中能吸引早期注意力，这通过与注意力相关的P200波幅增强得以体现。在延迟阶段，N170成分代表面部特异性，且对贴纸表现出负性偏向。对于信息检索，与情绪相关的晚期正成分（LPC）增加表明，积极情绪会损害空间工作记忆并消耗更多认知资源。此外，贴纸能够在空间工作记忆的整个过程中吸引个体的注意力，其与注意力相关的P200、负向慢波（NSW）和LPC波幅更大。这些发现突出了贴纸在空间工作记忆不同阶段的作用，并为针对精神病人的工作记忆研究提供了新观点。
