Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, University of Warmia and Mazury, Oczapowskiego 5, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland.
Department of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Słoneczna 45G, 10-709, Olsztyn, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2020 Feb 10;10(1):2211. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-59145-6.
To date, a comparative analysis of larval performance and digestion abilities between wild and domesticated Eurasian perch has not yet been performed. Eurasian perch larvae from wild and domesticated spawners were reared in the same conditions and at different development stages, growth performance variables, the expression of genes encoding digestive enzymes and specific enzymatic activity were analysed. No significant differences in hatching rate, deformity rate or swim bladder inflation effectiveness between wild and domesticated larvae were found. Specific growth rate, final total length and wet body weight were significantly lower in wild larvae, whereas higher mortality in wild larvae was observed compared to domesticated larvae. The data obtained in this study clearly indicate that during domestication, significant modification of digestion ability occurs at the very beginning of ontogeny, where domesticated fish are characterised by lower enzymatic activity and lower expression of genes encoding digestive enzymes. This probably results from the low diversity of the food offered in culture conditions, which significantly modified digestion capability. The obtained data provide an understanding of how domestication affects fish in aquaculture and may improve the planning of selective breeding programs of Eurasian perch and other freshwater Teleosts.
迄今为止，尚未对野生和养殖欧洲鲈鱼幼虫的性能和消化能力进行比较分析。本研究将来自野生和养殖亲鱼的欧洲鲈鱼鱼苗在相同条件下，于不同发育阶段进行培育，分析了生长性能变量、编码消化酶的基因表达和特定酶活性。野生和养殖幼虫的孵化率、畸形率或鳔充气效果没有显著差异。与养殖幼虫相比，野生幼虫的特定生长率、最终总长度和湿体重显著较低，而野生幼虫的死亡率较高。本研究获得的数据清楚地表明，在驯化过程中，消化能力在个体发育的早期就发生了显著的改变，养殖鱼类的酶活性和编码消化酶的基因表达较低。这可能是由于养殖条件下提供的食物种类单一，导致消化能力发生了显著改变。所得数据有助于了解驯化如何影响水产养殖中的鱼类，并可能改进欧洲鲈鱼和其他淡水硬骨鱼选择性育种计划的规划。
