Departments of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Egypt.
Departments of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Egypt.
Reprod Biol. 2020 Mar;20(1):97-105. doi: 10.1016/j.repbio.2020.01.004. Epub 2020 Feb 7.
Green synthesized nanoparticles are more advantageous over conventionally prepared ones due to less toxicity, production cost, and environmental hazards. With the widespread of the utilization of nanoparticles, little is known about the maternal-fetal transplacental transfer of green nanoparticles. We have biosynthesized silver nanoparticles using metabolites of Streptomyces malachitus and sunlight then coated them with chitosan. These nanoparticles have been characterized and intraperitoneally administered at doses of 100 mg/kg on the 6, 8, and 10 gestational days. On the 18 day of pregnancy, both coated and non-coted NPs were detected in different maternal tissues, placenta, and in fetuses, as determined by estimation of silver content and observation by electron microscopy. Chitosan coating decreased the silver content in different tissues, maybe due to the larger size of coated nanoparticles that retards the transfer. The toxic effects on maternal and fetal tissues were proportional to their silver content, as determined by the liver and kidney functional analysis of pregnant rats and the ultrastructural and histopathological examination of the maternal liver, placenta and fetal liver. The present data suggest that green silver nanoparticles biosynthesized by Streptomyces malachitus cross the placenta and have toxic effects on maternal tissues, placenta, and fetus. Chitosan coating of these nanoparticles decreases the transfer, and consequently, the toxicity. However, it does not prevent this toxicity.
绿色合成纳米粒子比传统方法制备的纳米粒子更具优势，因为它们的毒性、生产成本和环境危害更小。随着纳米粒子的广泛应用，人们对绿色纳米粒子的母体-胎儿胎盘转运知之甚少。我们使用链霉菌 malachitus 的代谢产物和阳光合成了银纳米粒子，然后用壳聚糖对其进行了包裹。这些纳米粒子已经被表征，并在第 6、8 和 10 天的妊娠期间以 100mg/kg 的剂量腹腔内给药。在妊娠第 18 天，通过估计银含量和电子显微镜观察，在不同的母体组织、胎盘和胎儿中都检测到了包裹和未包裹的 NPs。壳聚糖的包裹降低了不同组织中的银含量，这可能是由于包裹的纳米粒子尺寸较大，阻碍了其转移。对母体和胎儿组织的毒性作用与其银含量成正比，这是通过对怀孕大鼠的肝肾功能分析以及对母体肝脏、胎盘和胎儿肝脏的超微结构和组织病理学检查来确定的。目前的数据表明，由链霉菌 malachitus 生物合成的绿色银纳米粒子可以穿过胎盘，并对母体组织、胎盘和胎儿产生毒性作用。这些纳米粒子的壳聚糖包裹减少了转移，从而降低了毒性。然而，它并不能防止这种毒性。
