Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, P. O. Box 13511, Banha, Qalyubia, Egypt.
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, P. O. Box 35516, Mansoura, Dakahliaو, Egypt.
BMC Microbiol. 2024 Jan 12;24(1):21. doi: 10.1186/s12866-023-03171-7.
As antibiotics and chemotherapeutics are no longer as efficient as they once were, multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens and cancer are presently considered as two of the most dangerous threats to human life. In this study, Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) biosynthesized by Streptomyces parvulus MAR4, nano-chitosan (NCh), and their nanoconjugate (Se/Ch-nanoconjugate) were suggested to be efficacious antimicrobial and anticancer agents.
SeNPs biosynthesized by Streptomyces parvulus MAR4 and NCh were successfully achieved and conjugated. The biosynthesized SeNPs were spherical with a mean diameter of 94.2 nm and high stability. Yet, Se/Ch-nanoconjugate was semispherical with a 74.9 nm mean diameter and much higher stability. The SeNPs, NCh, and Se/Ch-nanoconjugate showed significant antimicrobial activity against various microbial pathogens with strong inhibitory effect on their tested metabolic key enzymes [phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI), pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and nitrate reductase (NR)]; Se/Ch-nanoconjugate was the most powerful agent. Furthermore, SeNPs revealed strong cytotoxicity against HepG2 (IC = 13.04 μg/ml) and moderate toxicity against Caki-1 (HTB-46) tumor cell lines (IC = 21.35 μg/ml) but low cytotoxicity against WI-38 normal cell line (IC = 85.69 μg/ml). Nevertheless, Se/Ch-nanoconjugate displayed substantial cytotoxicity against HepG2 and Caki-1 (HTB-46) with IC values of 11.82 and 7.83 μg/ml, respectively. Consequently, Se/Ch-nanoconjugate may be more easily absorbed by both tumor cell lines. However, it exhibited very low cytotoxicity on WI-38 with IC of 153.3 μg/ml. Therefore, Se/Ch-nanoconjugate presented the most anticancer activity.
The biosynthesized SeNPs and Se/Ch-nanoconjugate are convincingly recommended to be used in biomedical applications as versatile and potent antimicrobial and anticancer agents ensuring notable levels of biosafety, environmental compatibility, and efficacy.
由于抗生素和化疗药物的效果不再像以前那样有效，因此多药耐药（MDR）病原体和癌症目前被认为是对人类生命最危险的两大威胁。在这项研究中，由 Streptomyces parvulus MAR4 生物合成的硒纳米粒子（SeNPs）、纳米壳聚糖（NCh）及其纳米复合物（Se/Ch-纳米复合物）被认为是有效的抗菌和抗癌药物。
成功地实现并连接了由 Streptomyces parvulus MAR4 和 NCh 生物合成的 SeNPs。所合成的 SeNPs 呈球形，平均直径为 94.2nm，具有高稳定性。然而，Se/Ch-纳米复合物呈半球形，平均直径为 74.9nm，稳定性更高。SeNPs、NCh 和 Se/Ch-纳米复合物对各种微生物病原体表现出显著的抗菌活性，对其测试的代谢关键酶[磷酸葡萄糖异构酶（PGI）、丙酮酸脱氢酶（PDH）、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶（G6PDH）和硝酸盐还原酶（NR）]具有强烈的抑制作用；Se/Ch-纳米复合物是最有效的药物。此外，SeNPs 对 HepG2（IC=13.04μg/ml）表现出强烈的细胞毒性，对 Caki-1（HTB-46）肿瘤细胞系表现出中等毒性（IC=21.35μg/ml），但对 WI-38 正常细胞系（IC=85.69μg/ml）的细胞毒性较低。然而，Se/Ch-纳米复合物对 HepG2 和 Caki-1（HTB-46）表现出显著的细胞毒性，IC 值分别为 11.82 和 7.83μg/ml。因此，Se/Ch-纳米复合物可能更容易被两种肿瘤细胞系吸收。然而，它在 WI-38 上表现出非常低的细胞毒性，IC 为 153.3μg/ml。因此，Se/Ch-纳米复合物表现出最强的抗癌活性。
所合成的 SeNPs 和 Se/Ch-纳米复合物被推荐用于生物医学应用，作为多功能且有效的抗菌和抗癌药物，具有显著的生物安全性、环境相容性和功效。
