Baghaie Amir Hossein, Jabari Amir Ghafar
1Department of Soil Science, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran.
2Department of Microbiology, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran.
J Environ Health Sci Eng. 2019 Oct 23;17(2):853-861. doi: 10.1007/s40201-019-00402-w. eCollection 2019 Dec.
Heavy metals and petroleum hydrocarbon pollution are important environmental problems. This research was conducted to evaluate the effect of nano Fe-oxide and endophytic fungus () on petroleum hydrocarbons degradation in an arsenic and petroleum hydrocarbons contaminated soil using barley plant.
Treatments consisted of the presence (E) and the absence (E) of P.indica fungi, soil contaminated with As in the rates of 0 (AS), 12 (AS) and 24 (As) mg As /kg of soil, and application of 0 (Fe) and 1% (Fe) (/W) nano Fe-oxide. The plant used in this study was the barley plant. After 7 weeks, the root and shoot As concentration was measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy. The concentration of total soil petroleum hydrocarbon (TPHS) was measured using GC-mass.
Application of nano Fe-oxide in soil treated with 12 and 24 mg As/kg soil decreased root As concentration by 30 and 20.6%, respectively. The presence of P.indica caused a significant reduction in the shoot As concentration. With increasing shoot Fe concentration the shoot As concentration was decreased. The highest TPHS degradation was observed in non As-polluted soil that containing 1% (/W) nano Fe-oxide in the presence of P.indica, while the lowest that was in As polluted soil (24 mg As/kg soil) without applying nano Fe-oxide and in the absence of P.indica.
Increasing soil sorption properties due to nano Fe-oxide application had significant effect on TPHS degradation in the presence of P.indica. However the role of soil condition on the amount of TPHS degradation cannot be ignored.
重金属和石油烃污染是重要的环境问题。本研究旨在利用大麦植株评估纳米铁氧化物和内生真菌（）对砷和石油烃污染土壤中石油烃降解的影响。
处理包括印度梨形孢真菌的存在（E）和不存在（E）、土壤中砷的污染率分别为0（AS）、12（AS）和24（As）mg As /kg土壤，以及施用0（Fe）和1%（Fe）（/W）纳米铁氧化物。本研究中使用的植物是大麦植株。7周后，使用原子吸收光谱法测量根和地上部的砷浓度。使用气相色谱-质谱联用仪测量土壤总石油烃（TPHS）的浓度。
在砷含量为12和24 mg As/kg土壤的处理中，施用纳米铁氧化物分别使根中砷浓度降低了30%和20.6%。印度梨形孢的存在使地上部砷浓度显著降低。随着地上部铁浓度的增加，地上部砷浓度降低。在未受砷污染且含有1%（/W）纳米铁氧化物且存在印度梨形孢的土壤中，TPHS降解率最高，而在未施用纳米铁氧化物且不存在印度梨形孢的砷污染土壤（24 mg As/kg土壤）中最低。
施用纳米铁氧化物增加土壤吸附性能对在印度梨形孢存在下的TPHS降解有显著影响。然而，土壤条件对TPHS降解量的作用也不容忽视。
