Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2020 Aug;77(15):2981-2995. doi: 10.1007/s00018-020-03472-4. Epub 2020 Feb 12.
Faithful chromosome segregation during mitosis in eukaryotes requires attachment of the kinetochore, a large protein complex assembled on the centromere of each chromosome, to the spindle microtubules. The kinetochore is a structural interface for the microtubule attachment and provides molecular surveillance mechanisms that monitor and ensure the precise microtubule attachment as well, including error correction and spindle assembly checkpoint. During mitotic progression, the kinetochore undergoes dynamic morphological changes that are observable through electron microscopy as well as through fluorescence microscopy. These structural changes might be associated with the kinetochore function. In this review, we summarize how the dynamics of kinetochore morphology are associated with its functions and discuss recent findings on the switching of protein interaction networks in the kinetochore during cell cycle progression.
有丝分裂过程中，真核生物染色体的正确分离需要动粒（kinetochore）的附着，而动粒是一种组装在每条染色体着丝粒上的大型蛋白复合物。动粒是微管附着的结构界面，提供分子监测机制，以确保微管的精确附着，包括错误修正和纺锤体组装检查点。在有丝分裂过程中，动粒经历动态的形态变化，可以通过电子显微镜和荧光显微镜观察到。这些结构变化可能与动粒的功能有关。在这篇综述中，我们总结了动粒形态的动力学如何与其功能相关，并讨论了细胞周期进程中动粒蛋白相互作用网络转换的最新发现。
