从“视同规则”到 JUUL——2015-2018 年美国新闻对电子烟的报道
From the Deeming Rule to JUUL-US News Coverage of Electronic Cigarettes, 2015-2018.
机构信息
Rutgers Center for Tobacco Studies, New Brunswick, NJ.
Department of Pediatrics, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ.
出版信息
Nicotine Tob Res. 2020 Oct 8;22(10):1816-1822. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntaa025.
INTRODUCTION
News media may influence public perceptions and attitudes about electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), which may influence product use and attitudes about their regulation. The purpose of this study is to describe trends in US news coverage of e-cigarettes during a period of evolving regulation, science, and trends in the use of e-cigarettes.
METHODS
We conducted a content analysis of e-cigarette topics and themes covered in US news articles from 2015 to 2018. Online news databases (Access World News, Factiva) were used to obtain US news articles from the top 34 circulating newspapers, four national wire services, and five leading online news sources.
RESULTS
The number of articles increased by 75.4% between 2015 and 2018 (n = 1609). Most articles focused on policy/regulation (43.5%) as a main topic, followed by health effects (22.3%) and prevalence/trends (17.9%). Discussion about flavor bans quadrupled (6.1% to 24.6%) and discussion of youth e-cigarette use was most prevalent (58.4%) in 2018, coinciding with an increase in coverage about JUUL. JUUL was mentioned in 50.8% of 2018 articles. Across years, articles more frequently mentioned e-cigarette risks (70%) than potential benefits (37.3%).
CONCLUSIONS
E-cigarettes continue to be a newsworthy topic, with coverage both reflecting numerous changes and events over time, and providing repeated opportunities for informing the public and policymakers about these novel products. Future research should continue to track how discourse changes over time and assess its potential influence on e-cigarette perceptions and policy changes.
IMPLICATIONS
E-cigarette news coverage in the United States increased between 2015 and 2018 and predominantly focused on policy and regulation. Notable spikes in volume were associated with some but not all major e-cigarette events, including the FDA's deeming rule, Surgeon General's report, and release of the National Youth Tobacco Survey data in 2018. Coverage of the 2018 National Academy of Medicine, Engineering, and Sciences report on the Public Health Consequences of E-cigarettes received minimal news coverage. The high volume in 2018 was driven in large part by coverage of the e-cigarette brand JUUL; over half of news articles in 2018 referenced JUUL specifically.
简介
新闻媒体可能会影响公众对电子烟的看法和态度，而这可能会影响产品的使用以及对其监管的看法。本研究的目的是描述在美国电子烟监管、科学和使用趋势不断演变的过程中，电子烟在新闻报道中的趋势。
方法
我们对 2015 年至 2018 年美国新闻文章中电子烟的主题和主题进行了内容分析。使用在线新闻数据库（Access World News、Factiva）从排名前 34 的流通报纸、四家全国性通讯社和五家领先的在线新闻来源中获取美国新闻文章。
结果
2015 年至 2018 年间，文章数量增加了 75.4%（n=1609）。大多数文章主要关注政策/法规（43.5%）作为主要话题，其次是健康影响（22.3%）和流行趋势（17.9%）。关于口味禁令的讨论增加了四倍（从 6.1%到 24.6%），2018 年青少年电子烟使用的讨论最为普遍（58.4%），这与对 JUUL 的报道增加是一致的。2018 年的文章中有 50.8%提到了 JUUL。多年来，文章更多地提到电子烟的风险（70%）而不是潜在好处（37.3%）。
结论
电子烟仍然是一个新闻话题，报道既反映了随着时间的推移发生的许多变化和事件，也为公众和政策制定者提供了关于这些新产品的信息。未来的研究应继续跟踪话语随时间的变化，并评估其对电子烟认知和政策变化的潜在影响。
意义
2015 年至 2018 年间，美国电子烟新闻报道量增加，主要集中在政策和法规上。一些但不是所有主要电子烟事件都与报道量的显著增加有关，包括 FDA 的规定、卫生总监报告以及 2018 年发布的全国青少年烟草调查数据。2018 年美国国家医学、工程和科学院发布的电子烟对公共健康的影响报告在新闻报道中只收到了很少的关注。2018 年的高报道量在很大程度上是由电子烟品牌 JUUL 的报道推动的；2018 年的新闻文章中有一半以上专门提到了 JUUL。
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