German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Nutrients. 2020 Feb 11;12(2):452. doi: 10.3390/nu12020452.
Gut microbial-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) may regulate energy homeostasis and exert anti-carcinogenic, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. Smaller trials indicate that dietary weight loss may lead to decreased SCFA production, but findings have been inconclusive. SCFA concentrations were measured by HPLC-MS/MS in plasma samples of 150 overweight or obese adults in a trial initially designed to evaluate the metabolic effects of intermittent (ICR) versus continuous (CCR) calorie restriction (NCT02449148). For the present post hoc analyses, participants were classified by quartiles of weight loss, irrespective of the dietary intervention. Linear mixed models were used to analyze weight-loss-induced changes in SCFA concentrations after 12, 24 and 50 weeks. There were no differential changes in SCFA levels across the initial study arms (ICR versus CCR versus control) after 12 weeks, but acetate concentrations significantly decreased with overall weight loss (mean log-relative change of -0.7 ± 1.8 in the lowest quartile versus. -7.6 ± 2 in the highest, = 0.026). Concentrations of propionate, butyrate and other SCFAs did not change throughout the study. Our results show that weight-loss, achieved through calorie restriction, may lead to smaller initial decreases in plasma acetate, while plasma SCFAs generally remain remarkably stable over time.
肠道微生物衍生的短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）可能调节能量稳态，并发挥抗癌、免疫调节和抗炎作用。较小的试验表明，饮食减肥可能导致 SCFA 产量减少，但结果尚无定论。在一项最初旨在评估间歇性（ICR）与连续（CCR）热量限制对代谢影响的试验中，通过 HPLC-MS/MS 测量了 150 名超重或肥胖成年人血浆样本中的 SCFA 浓度（NCT02449148）。对于本事后分析，无论饮食干预如何，参与者均按体重减轻的四分位数进行分类。线性混合模型用于分析 12、24 和 50 周后 SCFA 浓度随体重减轻而发生的变化。12 周后，在最初的研究臂（ICR 与 CCR 与对照组）之间，SCFA 水平没有差异变化，但随着总体体重减轻，乙酸浓度显著下降（最低四分位数的平均对数相对变化为-0.7±1.8，最高四分位数为-7.6±2， = 0.026）。丙酸、丁酸和其他 SCFA 的浓度在整个研究过程中均未发生变化。我们的研究结果表明，通过热量限制实现的体重减轻可能导致初始血浆乙酸浓度下降较小，而血浆 SCFA 通常随时间保持显著稳定。
