Mendieta Carlos R, Gómez Gabriela V, Del Río Juan Carlos G, Cuevas Arturo Cortes, Arce Jose M, Ávila Ernesto G
Poultry Science Department, National Autonomous University of Mexico, DF. CP. 04510. Mexico.
Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Higher Studies Cuautitlán, field 4 Km. 2.5 Carretera Cuautitlán-Teoloyucan San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli, State of Mexico. CP.54714, Mexico.
J Poult Sci. 2018;55(1):38-46. doi: 10.2141/jpsa.0170019. Epub 2017 Jul 25.
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of yeast cell walls (YCWs) in diets with low doses of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA), alone or in combination, on broiler performance and immune response. A total of 210 male broilers aged 1-21 days were used. Broilers were completely randomized into seven treatments with five replicates of six broilers each, as follows: 1) control diet; 2) control + 350 g/kg AFB1; 3) Control + 350 g/kg OTA; 4) Control + 350 g/kg AFB1 and 350 g/kg OTA; 5) Control + 350 g/kg AFB1 and 1.5 kg/ton YCW; 6) control + 350 g/kg OTA and 1.5 kg/ton YCW; 7) control + 350 g/kg AFB1, 350 g/kg OTA, and 1.5 kg/ton YCW. The broilers were housed under environmentally controlled conditions in Petersime battery cages. Weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion index were measured. The relative weights of the thymus, spleen, and bursa of Fabricius (BF) were evaluated. The local immune response was assessed by quantifying the level of intestinal immunoglobulin A (IgA). The cellular immune response was evaluated using a delayed hypersensitivity test. Hemograms and blood cell counts were also performed. The results showed that mycotoxins decreased performance and reduced the immune response (<0.05) of broilers. Weight gain and feed conversion improved in the groups receiving YCWs. The YCWs increased (<0.05) intestinal IgAs and the cellular immune response (<0.05). The addition of YCWs also affected the relative weight of the thymus, spleen, and BF (<0.05), and the leukocyte, lymphocyte, and heterophil counts (<0.05). The addition of YCWs can be an alternative to counterage the negative effect of low doses of AFB1 and OTA in broilers diets.
本研究旨在评估酵母细胞壁（YCWs）对低剂量黄曲霉毒素B1（AFB1）和赭曲霉毒素A（OTA）单独或联合作用下的肉鸡生产性能和免疫反应的影响。总共使用了210只1至21日龄的雄性肉鸡。肉鸡被完全随机分为七个处理组，每个处理组有五个重复，每个重复六只肉鸡，如下：1）对照日粮；2）对照+350 g/kg AFB1；3）对照+350 g/kg OTA；4）对照+350 g/kg AFB1和350 g/kg OTA；5）对照+350 g/kg AFB1和1.5 kg/吨YCW；6）对照+350 g/kg OTA和1.5 kg/吨YCW；7）对照+350 g/kg AFB1、350 g/kg OTA和1.5 kg/吨YCW。肉鸡饲养在彼得西姆层叠式笼中，环境条件可控。测量了体重增加、采食量和饲料转化率指标。评估了胸腺、脾脏和法氏囊（BF）的相对重量。通过定量肠道免疫球蛋白A（IgA）水平评估局部免疫反应。使用迟发型超敏反应试验评估细胞免疫反应。还进行了血常规和血细胞计数。结果表明，霉菌毒素降低了肉鸡的生产性能并降低了免疫反应（<0.05）。接受YCWs的组中体重增加和饲料转化率得到改善。YCWs增加了（<0.05）肠道IgA水平和细胞免疫反应（<0.05）。添加YCWs还影响了胸腺、脾脏和BF的相对重量（<0.05），以及白细胞、淋巴细胞和异嗜性粒细胞计数（<0.05）。添加YCWs可以作为一种替代方法，以对抗低剂量AFB1和OTA对肉鸡日粮的负面影响。
