韩国的 HIV 感染人数和诊断时间估计。
Estimation of the Number of HIV Infections and Time to Diagnosis in the Korea.
机构信息
Graduate School of Public Health and Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
出版信息
J Korean Med Sci. 2020 Feb 17;35(6):e41. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e41.
BACKGROUND
Statistical data of undiagnosed people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) are of great importance to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection control. This study estimated the total number of PLHIV using nationwide claims data.
METHODS
This study used data of the incident HIV cases identified by the National Health Insurance System between 2009 and 2015. The number of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) was identified by diagnoses or prescription records. The estimated number of PLHIV and the time to diagnosis were calculated from the incident numbers of HIV and AIDS cases using the HIV Modeling Tool of the European Center for Disease Prevention and Control.
RESULTS
Between 2009 and 2015, a total of 7,033 PLHIV and 2,899 AIDS patients were diagnosed. In 2009, the number of incident HIV cases was 873 (460 AIDS patients), increasing to 995 (337 AIDS patients) in 2015. Besides, the estimated number of prevalent cases was 10,753 in 2009, compared to 14,880 in 2015. Patients visiting health facilities accounted for 42.9% (4,616/10,753) in 2009 and 64.1% (9,544/14,880) in 2015. In 2009, there were 8,363 (77.8%) undiagnosed HIV cases, experiencing a decline to 6,215 (41.8%) in 2015. It took a mean of 6.96 years to diagnose after HIV infection.
CONCLUSION
This study estimates the total burden of HIV infection in Korea for the first time using an internationally recognized HIV modeling tool. Claims data can be used to estimate the number of undiagnosed cases by identifying the total number of PLHIV and AIDS patients visiting health facilities.
背景
未确诊的艾滋病毒感染者（PLHIV）的统计数据对艾滋病毒（HIV）感染控制非常重要。本研究使用全国性的索赔数据估计了 PLHIV 的总数。
方法
本研究使用了 2009 年至 2015 年间国家健康保险系统确定的艾滋病毒新发病例的数据。通过诊断或处方记录确定艾滋病患者的数量。使用欧洲疾病预防控制中心的 HIV 模型工具，根据 HIV 和艾滋病病例的新发数量计算了 PLHIV 的估计数量和诊断时间。
结果
2009 年至 2015 年期间，共诊断出 7033 名 PLHIV 和 2899 名艾滋病患者。2009 年，艾滋病毒新发病例数为 873 例（460 名艾滋病患者），2015 年增至 995 例（337 名艾滋病患者）。此外，2009 年流行病例估计数为 10753 例，而 2015 年为 14880 例。2009 年，到卫生机构就诊的患者占 42.9%（4616/10753），2015 年占 64.1%（9544/14880）。2009 年，有 8363 例（77.8%）未确诊的艾滋病毒病例，到 2015 年下降至 6215 例（41.8%）。艾滋病毒感染后平均需要 6.96 年才能诊断。
结论
本研究首次使用国际认可的 HIV 模型工具估算了韩国的 HIV 总感染负担。通过确定到卫生机构就诊的 PLHIV 和艾滋病患者总数，可以使用索赔数据估算未确诊病例的数量。
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