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天然橡胶的阻燃：策略与最新进展

Flame Retardation of Natural Rubber: Strategy and Recent Progress.

作者信息

Wan Le, Deng Cong, Zhao Ze-Yong, Chen Hong, Wang Yu-Zhong

机构信息

Analytical & Testing Center, The Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Friendly and Fire-Safety Polymeric Materials, National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.

出版信息

Polymers (Basel). 2020 Feb 12;12(2):429. doi: 10.3390/polym12020429.

DOI:10.3390/polym12020429
PMID:32059374
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7077728/
Abstract

Natural rubber (NR) as a kind of commercial polymer or engineering elastomer is widely used in tires, dampers, suspension elements, etc., because of its unique overall performance. For some NR products, their work environment is extremely harsh, facing a serious fire safety challenge. Accordingly, it is important and necessary to endow NR with flame retardancy via different strategies. Until now, different methods have been used to improve the flame retardancy of NR, mainly including intrinsic flame retardation through the incorporation of some flame-retarding units into polymer chains and additive-type flame retardation via adding some halogen or halogen-free flame retardants into NR matrix. For them, the synergistic flame-retarding action is usually applied to simultaneously enhance flame retardancy and mechanical properties, in which some synergistic flame retardants such as organo-montmorillonite (OMMT), carbon materials, halloysite nanotube (HNT), etc., are utilized to achieve the above-mentioned aim. The used flame-retarding units in polymer chains for intrinsic flame retardation mainly include phosphorus-containing small molecules, an unsaturated chemical bonds-containing structure, a cross-linking structure, etc.; flame retardants in additive-type flame retardation contain organic and inorganic flame retardants, such as magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate, and so on. Concerning the flame retardation of NR, great progress has been made in the past work. To achieve the comprehensive understanding for the strategy and recent progress in the flame retardation of NR, we thoroughly analyze and discuss the past and current flame-retardant strategies and the obtained progress in the flame-retarding NR field in this review, and a brief prospect for the flame retardation of NR is also presented.

摘要

天然橡胶（NR）作为一种商业聚合物或工程弹性体，因其独特的综合性能而广泛应用于轮胎、减震器、悬挂元件等领域。对于一些NR产品，其工作环境极其恶劣，面临着严峻的消防安全挑战。因此，通过不同策略赋予NR阻燃性具有重要意义和必要性。到目前为止，已经采用了不同的方法来提高NR的阻燃性，主要包括通过将一些阻燃单元引入聚合物链中来实现本质阻燃，以及通过向NR基体中添加一些含卤或无卤阻燃剂来实现添加型阻燃。对于这些方法，通常采用协同阻燃作用来同时提高阻燃性和机械性能，其中一些协同阻燃剂如有机蒙脱土（OMMT）、碳材料、埃洛石纳米管（HNT）等被用于实现上述目的。用于本质阻燃的聚合物链中的阻燃单元主要包括含磷小分子、含不饱和化学键的结构、交联结构等；添加型阻燃中的阻燃剂包括有机和无机阻燃剂，如氢氧化镁、氢氧化铝、聚磷酸铵等。关于NR的阻燃，过去的工作已经取得了很大进展。为了全面了解NR阻燃的策略和最新进展，我们在本综述中深入分析和讨论了过去和当前的阻燃策略以及在NR阻燃领域所取得的进展，并对NR的阻燃进行了简要展望。

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