Wang S M, Zheng R S, Zhang S W, Zeng H M, Chen R, Sun K X, Gu X Y, Wei W W, He J
Office of National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
Cancer Research Institute, Cancer Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2019 Dec 10;40(12):1517-1521. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2019.12.003.
To estimate the morbidity and mortality of gastric cancer and its distribution in China in 2015 and provide information for future cancer prevention and control study and policy decision. In 2018, a total of 501 cancer registry systems reported data to the office of National Central Cancer Registry, and the data from 368 cancer registry systems met the criteria. The overall, gender specific, age specific and area specific morbidity and mortality rates of gastric cancer in China were estimated based on national population data in 2015. Chinese standard population in 2000 and World Segi's population data were used to calculate the age-standardized rates (ASR) of morbidity and mortality, including ASR of China and the world. In 2015, the qualified 368 cancer registry system covered a total of 309 553 499 population in China, including 156 934 140 males and 152 619 359 females. We estimated that there were 403 000 new gastric cancer cases, with the crude morbidity rate of 29.31 per 100 000, ASR China of 18.68 per 100 000, ASR world of 18.57 per 100 000, and a cumulative rate of 2.29 for 0-74 years. There were 290 900 new gastric cancer deaths, with the crude mortality rate of 21.16 per 100 000, ASR China of 13.08 per 100 000, ASR world of 12.92 per 100 000, and a cumulative rate of 1.5 for 0-74 years. Gastric cancer ranked second as the most common cancers and third as the most common cancer causes of death in China. In general, both the morbidity rate (ASR China, male: 26.54 per 100 000; female: 11.09 per 100 000; rural area: 21.82 per 100 000; urban area: 16.37 per 100 000) and mortality rate (ASR China, male: 18.75 per 100 000; female: 7.72 per 100 000; rural area: 15.84 per 100 000; urban area: 11.05 per 100 000) were higher in males than those in females, and higher in rural area than those in urban area. The morbidity and mortality rates of gastric cancer increased from the age of 40 years and peaked in age group of 80-years. The case number of gastric cancer significantly increased from the age group of 50-years, peaked at 60-70 years, and the majority of cases occured in age group of 55-80 years. There was an overall consistent trend of the age-specific morbidity and mortality rates across different subgroups by sex and geographic areas, with the rates were higher in males than those in females, and higher in rural area than that in urban area. The incidence of gastric cancer varied with sex, age and areas (urban area and rural area). The present analysis provides the latest data on the prevalence of gastric cancer in China, which can help optimize the current screening guidelines and the prevention and control strategies of gastric cancer to reduce the disease burden caused by gastric cancer in China.
估算2015年中国胃癌的发病率和死亡率及其分布情况，为未来癌症防控研究和政策决策提供信息。2018年，共有501个癌症登记系统向国家癌症中心办公室上报数据，其中368个癌症登记系统的数据符合标准。基于2015年全国人口数据，估算了中国胃癌的总体、性别、年龄和地区特异性发病率及死亡率。采用2000年中国标准人口和世界Segi人口数据计算发病率和死亡率的年龄标准化率（ASR），包括中国ASR和世界ASR。2015年，368个符合标准的癌症登记系统覆盖中国总人口309553499人，其中男性156934140人，女性152619359人。估算结果显示，中国胃癌新发病例40.3万例，粗发病率为29.31/10万，中国ASR为18.68/10万，世界ASR为18.57/10万，0至74岁累积发病率为2.29%。胃癌死亡病例29.09万例，粗死亡率为21.16/10万，中国ASR为13.08/10万，世界ASR为12.92/10万，0至74岁累积死亡率为1.5%。在中国，胃癌是第二大常见癌症，也是第三大常见癌症死因。总体而言，发病率（中国ASR，男性：26.54/10万；女性：11.09/10万；农村地区：21.82/10万；城市地区：16.37/10万）和死亡率（中国ASR，男性：18.75/10万；女性：7.72/10万；农村地区：15.84/10万；城市地区：11.05/10万）均为男性高于女性，农村地区高于城市地区。胃癌发病率和死亡率从40岁开始上升，在80岁年龄组达到峰值。胃癌病例数从50岁年龄组开始显著增加，在60至70岁达到峰值，大多数病例发生在55至80岁年龄组。不同性别和地理区域亚组的年龄特异性发病率和死亡率总体趋势一致，男性高于女性，农村地区高于城市地区。胃癌发病率因性别、年龄和地区（城市和农村）而异。本分析提供了中国胃癌流行情况的最新数据，有助于优化当前胃癌筛查指南及防控策略，以减轻中国胃癌疾病负担。
