Posadas Gabriel A, Broadway Paul R, Thornton Justin A, Carroll Jeffery A, Lawrence Amanda, Corley Jimmie R, Thompson Amber, Donaldson Janet R
Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762.
Livestock Issues Research Unit, USDA, Lubbock, TX 79403.
Transl Anim Sci. 2017 Feb;1(1):60-68. doi: 10.2527/tas2016.0007.
Live yeast probiotics and yeast cell wall components (paraprobiotics) may serve as an alternative to the use of antibiotics in prevention and treatment of infections caused by pathogenic bacteria. Probiotics and paraprobiotics can bind directly to pathogens, which limits binding of the pathogens to the intestinal cells and also facilitates removal from the host. However, knowledge of bacterial binding, specificity, and/or capability is limited with regard to probiotics or paraprobiotics. The goal of this study was to characterize the qualitative and quantitative nature of two probiotics and three paraprobiotics to adhere to thirteen different pathogenic bacteria using scanning electron miscroscopy and filtration assays. On average, the yeast probiotics (LYA and LYB) exhibited overall greater ( < 0.05) adhesion to the pathogenic bacteria tested (41% and 34%) in comparison to paraprobiotics (23%, 21%, and 22%), though variations were observed between pathogens tested. The ability of and to utilize components of the yeast as a nutrient source was also tested. Bacteria were cultured in media with limited carbon and supplemented with cell free extracts of the probiotics and paraprobiotics. exhibited growth, indicating these pathogens could utilize the yeast lysates as a carbon source. had limited growth in only one of the lysates tested. Together, these data indicate that the interaction between probiotics and paraprobiotics occurs in a strain dependent mechanism. Administration of probiotics and paraprobiotics as therapeutics therefore needs to be specific against the bacterial pathogen target.
活酵母益生菌和酵母细胞壁成分（副益生菌）可作为抗生素的替代品，用于预防和治疗由病原菌引起的感染。益生菌和副益生菌可直接与病原体结合，这限制了病原体与肠道细胞的结合，也便于从宿主体内清除。然而，关于益生菌或副益生菌的细菌结合、特异性和/或能力的了解有限。本研究的目的是使用扫描电子显微镜和过滤试验来表征两种益生菌和三种副益生菌对13种不同病原菌的粘附的定性和定量性质。平均而言，与副益生菌（23%、21%和22%）相比，酵母益生菌（LYA和LYB）对所测试的病原菌的总体粘附力更强（<0.05）（分别为41%和34%），不过在所测试的病原体之间观察到了差异。还测试了病原菌利用酵母成分作为营养源的能力。将细菌在碳含量有限的培养基中培养，并补充益生菌和副益生菌的无细胞提取物。某些病原菌表现出生长，表明这些病原体可以利用酵母裂解物作为碳源。只有一种所测试的裂解物中，另一些病原菌的生长有限。总之，这些数据表明益生菌和副益生菌之间存在菌株依赖性的相互作用机制。因此，将益生菌和副益生菌作为治疗剂使用时需要针对特定的细菌病原体靶点。
