Faculty of Innovation and Design, City University of Macau, Macau, China.
Department of City Planning, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Feb 13;17(4):1202. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17041202.
With the unprecedented urbanization during the past three decades, air quality in many Chinese cities has been a serious issue which poses great challenges for urban sustainability. This study examines the health consequences of development patterns in China by establishing the linkage between urban form, air pollution level, and cardiorespiratory mortality rate. We assembled a dataset by compiling a series of variables from multiple sources, including China's Disease Surveillance Points (DSP) system, which forms a nationally representative sample of mortality for the year 2005, Chinese census, satellite imagery, and the Chinese National Land Use Database. After controlling for local climate, demography, socioeconomics, and other pollution factors, this study finds that urban form elements (e.g., urban density, fragmentation level, forest/green space ratio) have significant influences on PM (atmospheric particulate matter with a diameter of less than 2.5 micrometers) concentration, thus influencing the incidence of cardiorespiratory mortality at the county level. These results may help explain how the type and pattern of development shape public health by influencing air quality and form an evidence-based land use policy to improve environmental quality and public health.
在过去三十年的前所未有的城市化进程中，许多中国城市的空气质量已成为一个严重问题，对城市可持续性构成了巨大挑战。本研究通过建立城市形态、空气污染水平和心肺呼吸死亡率之间的联系，考察了中国发展模式对健康的影响。我们通过从多个来源汇编一系列变量来组建数据集，包括中国疾病监测点（DSP）系统，该系统构成了 2005 年死亡率的全国代表性样本、中国人口普查、卫星图像和中国国家土地利用数据库。在控制了当地气候、人口统计学、社会经济和其他污染因素后，本研究发现城市形态要素（例如，城市密度、破碎化水平、森林/绿地比例）对 PM（直径小于 2.5 微米的大气颗粒物）浓度有显著影响，从而影响县级心肺呼吸死亡率的发生。这些结果可能有助于解释发展的类型和模式如何通过影响空气质量来影响公共健康，并为改善环境质量和公共健康提供循证土地利用政策。
