Neuroscape@NeuroTech Platform & Service de Neurologie, Département des Neurosciences Cliniques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne.
Department of Neurology, University Neurorehabilitation, University Hospital Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Curr Opin Neurol. 2020 Apr;33(2):239-248. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000000791.
Cognitive decline because of aging and neurodegeneration has become increasingly prevalent. This calls for the implementation of efficacious, motivating, standardized and widely available cognitive interventions for the elderly. In this context, serious video games and virtual reality may represent promising approaches. Here, we review recent research on their potential for cognitive prevention and neurorehabilitation of age-related cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
The majority of currently available data in this evolving domain lacks the methodological quality to draw reliable conclusions on the potential of novel technology for cognitive training in older people. However, single well designed randomized controlled trials have reported promising effects of cognitive interventions involving serious video games and virtual reality. The cognitive benefits of exergames promoting physical exercise with and without combined cognitive training remain unclear.
The immersion into stimulating and motivating environments along with training content based on neuroscientific and neuropsychological models may represent a significant advance as compared with conventional computerized cognitive training. Additional research with sound methodology including sufficient sample sizes, active control groups and meaningful outcome measures of everyday function is needed to elucidate the potential of serious video games and virtual reality in multifactorial neurorehabilitation of cognitive decline in aging and neurodegeneration.
目的综述： 由于衰老和神经退行性变导致的认知能力下降变得越来越普遍。这就需要对老年人实施有效、有激励性、标准化和广泛可用的认知干预措施。在这种情况下，严肃游戏和虚拟现实可能代表着有前途的方法。在这里，我们回顾了最近关于它们在预防认知能力下降和轻度认知障碍（MCI）方面的潜力的研究。
最新发现： 在这个不断发展的领域中，大多数现有数据缺乏足够的方法学质量，无法就新型技术在老年人认知训练方面的潜力得出可靠的结论。然而，一些精心设计的随机对照试验已经报告了严肃游戏和虚拟现实干预在认知方面的有希望的效果。涉及促进身体锻炼的有氧运动游戏和结合认知训练的效果仍不清楚。
总结： 与传统的计算机化认知训练相比，沉浸在刺激和激励环境中以及基于神经科学和神经心理学模型的训练内容可能是一个重大进步。需要进行更多具有良好方法学的研究，包括足够的样本量、积极的对照组和日常功能的有意义的结果衡量标准，以阐明严肃游戏和虚拟现实在衰老和神经退行性变导致的认知能力下降的多因素神经康复中的潜力。
