Yang Yehong, Miao Qing, Zhu Xiaoming, Qin Lang, Gong Wei, Zhang Shuo, Zhang Qiongyue, Lu Bin, Ye Hongying, Li Yiming
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,
Obes Facts. 2020;13(2):179-190. doi: 10.1159/000506078. Epub 2020 Feb 19.
In the past two decades, urbanization in many Asian countries has led to sedentary lifestyle and overnutrition, which has set the stage for the epidemic of obesity. Those who have obesity during adolescence usually have obesity into adulthood, which causes many medical and psychological issues that can result in premature death. Recent data suggest that short sleep duration may contribute to the risk of obesity, opening a new avenue for potential intervention. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of sleeping time, body mass index (BMI), and fat mass in Chinese freshmen and to indicate the relationship among them.
We conducted a cross-sectional study consisting of 1,938 freshmen aged from 18 to 24 years, including 684 (35.3%) men and 1,254 (64.7%) women. BMI, sleeping time, and other potential related variables were collected by questionnaire. Obesity and overweight were defined as BMI ≥28.0 and ≥24.0, respectively. All students were divided into three groups according to the tertiles of body fat percentage (Fat%), which were measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Sleeping time was divided into 3 categories based on the duration, <6, 6-8, and >8 h per day.
Participants who slept longer had lower BMI and Fat%. Sex, diet control, and maternal obesity were all significantly associated with BMI or Fat% after adjustment. There were significant differences between sleeping time <6 and >8 h in both overweight group and Fat% tertiles independent of adjustment used. The significant difference between sleeping time 6-8 and >8 h only existed in overweight group, while irrelevant relation was observed in both models of obesity group.
Longer sleeping time was associated with a lower BMI in Chinese freshmen, even after adjustment for multiple confounders. The overweight stage is a critical period of weight management intervention by changing sleeping time. If adolescents have entered the obesity stage, the effect size of lifestyle intervention might be significantly limited.
在过去二十年中，许多亚洲国家的城市化进程导致了久坐不动的生活方式和营养过剩，为肥胖症的流行奠定了基础。那些在青春期肥胖的人通常成年后仍肥胖，这会引发许多医学和心理问题，甚至可能导致过早死亡。最近的数据表明，睡眠时间短可能会增加肥胖风险，这为潜在干预开辟了新途径。本研究的目的是描述中国大学新生的睡眠时间、体重指数（BMI）和体脂率的流行情况，并指出它们之间的关系。
我们进行了一项横断面研究，研究对象为1938名年龄在18至24岁之间的大学新生，其中包括684名（35.3%）男性和1254名（64.7%）女性。通过问卷调查收集BMI、睡眠时间和其他潜在相关变量。肥胖和超重分别定义为BMI≥28.0和≥24.0。所有学生根据通过生物电阻抗分析测量的体脂百分比（Fat%）三分位数分为三组。睡眠时间根据时长分为3类，即每天<6小时、6-8小时和>8小时。
睡眠时间较长的参与者BMI和Fat%较低。调整后，性别、饮食控制和母亲肥胖均与BMI或Fat%显著相关。无论是否进行调整，睡眠时间<6小时和>8小时的超重组和Fat%三分位数之间均存在显著差异。睡眠时间6-8小时和>8小时之间的显著差异仅存在于超重组，而在肥胖组的两种模型中均未观察到相关关系。
即使在调整了多个混杂因素后，睡眠时间较长与中国大学新生较低的BMI相关。超重阶段是通过改变睡眠时间进行体重管理干预的关键时期。如果青少年已经进入肥胖阶段，生活方式干预的效果可能会显著受限。
