Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, United States.
American Society for Engineering Education, Washington, D.C. 20036, United States.
ACS Nano. 2020 Mar 24;14(3):2659-2677. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.9b10163. Epub 2020 Mar 2.
The interfacing of nanoparticle (NP) materials with cells, tissues, and organisms for a range of applications including imaging, sensing, and drug delivery continues at a rampant pace. An emerging theme in this area is the use of NPs and nanostructured surfaces for the imaging and/or control of cellular membrane potential (MP). Given the important role that MP plays in cellular biology, both in normal physiology and in disease, new materials and methods are continually being developed to probe the activity of electrically excitable cells such as neurons and muscle cells. In this Review, we highlight the current state of the art for both the visualization and control of MP using traditional materials and techniques, discuss the advantageous features of NPs for performing these functions, and present recent examples from the literature of how NP materials have been implemented for the visualization and control of the activity of electrically excitable cells. We conclude with a forward-looking perspective of how we expect to see this field progress in the near term and further into the future.
纳米颗粒（NP）材料与细胞、组织和生物体的界面在不断发展，其应用范围包括成像、传感和药物输送。该领域的一个新兴主题是利用 NPs 和纳米结构表面来成像和/或控制细胞膜电位（MP）。鉴于 MP 在细胞生物学中的重要作用，无论是在正常生理还是疾病中，人们都在不断开发新材料和方法来探测神经元和肌肉细胞等电兴奋细胞的活性。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了使用传统材料和技术可视化和控制 MP 的最新进展，讨论了 NPs 用于执行这些功能的优势特征，并介绍了文献中最近的一些例子，说明了 NP 材料如何用于可视化和控制电兴奋细胞的活性。最后，我们对该领域在近期和未来的发展进行了前瞻性展望。
