Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX.
Department of Endocrinology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2020 Aug;52(8):1668-1678. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002296.
Stress fractures are common among elite ballet dancers whereby musculoskeletal health may be affected by energy balance and overtraining.
This study aimed to characterize bone health in relation to stress fracture history, body composition, eating disorder risk, and blood biomarkers in professional male and female ballet dancers.
A single cohort of 112 dancers (male: 55, 25 ± 6 yr; female: 57, 24 ± 6 yr) was recruited. All participants underwent bone and body composition measures using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. In a subset of our cohort (male: 30, 24 ± 6 yr; female, 29, 23 ± 5 yr), a blood panel, disordered eating screen, menstrual history, and stress fracture history were also collected. Age-matched Z scores and young-adult T scores were calculated for bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition. Independent-samples t-tests and Fisher's exact tests were used to compare BMD, Z-scores, T scores, and those with and without history of stress fractures. A 1 × 3 ANOVA was used to compare BMD for those scoring 0-1, 2-6, and 7+ using the EAT26 questionnaire for eating disorder risk. Regression was used to predict BMD from demographic and body composition measures.
Female dancers demonstrated reduced spinal (42nd percentile, 10%T < -1) and pelvic (16th percentile, 76%T < -1) BMD. Several anthropometric measures were predictive of BMD (P < 0.05, r = 0.65-0.81, standard error of estimate = 0.08-0.10 g·cm, percent error = 6.3-8.5). Those scoring >1 on EAT26 had lower BMD than did those with a score of 0-1 (P < 0.05).
Professional female ballet dancers exhibit reduced BMD, fat mass, and lean mass compared with the general population whereby low BMD and stress fractures tend to be more prevalent in those with a higher risk of disordered eating. Anthropometric and demographic measures are predictive of BMD in this population.
精英芭蕾舞演员中常见的应力性骨折，骨骼肌肉健康可能会受到能量平衡和过度训练的影响。
本研究旨在描述与应力性骨折史、身体成分、饮食失调风险和血液生物标志物相关的骨骼健康情况，研究对象为专业男性和女性芭蕾舞演员。
招募了 112 名舞者（男性：55 人，25 ± 6 岁；女性：57 人，24 ± 6 岁）。所有参与者都接受了双能 X 射线吸收法骨和身体成分测量。在我们的队列中（男性：30 人，24 ± 6 岁；女性：29 人，23 ± 5 岁），还收集了血液分析、饮食失调筛查、月经史和应力性骨折史。年龄匹配的 Z 分数和年轻成人 T 分数用于计算骨矿物质密度（BMD）和身体成分。使用独立样本 t 检验和 Fisher 精确检验比较 BMD、Z 分数、T 分数以及有和无应力性骨折史者。使用 EAT26 问卷评估饮食失调风险，1×3 ANOVA 比较 EAT26 评分 0-1、2-6 和 7+者的 BMD。回归用于根据人口统计学和身体成分测量值预测 BMD。
女性舞者的脊柱（42%，10%T < -1）和骨盆（16%，76%T < -1）BMD 降低。多项人体测量指标与 BMD 相关（P < 0.05，r = 0.65-0.81，估计标准误差= 0.08-0.10 g·cm，百分比误差= 6.3-8.5）。EAT26 评分>1 的人比评分 0-1 的人 BMD 低（P < 0.05）。
与一般人群相比，专业的女性芭蕾舞演员的 BMD、脂肪量和瘦体重降低，而且低 BMD 和应力性骨折在饮食失调风险较高的人群中更为普遍。该人群的人体测量和人口统计学指标可预测 BMD。
