工作中的社会冲突与抑郁症状有关吗？基于人群的LIFE成人研究结果。
Are social conflicts at work associated with depressive symptomatology? Results from the population-based LIFE-Adult-Study.
作者信息
Zuelke Andrea E, Roehr Susanne, Schroeter Matthias L, Witte A Veronica, Hinz Andreas, Engel Christoph, Enzenbach Cornelia, Thiery Joachim, Loeffler Markus, Villringer Arno, Riedel-Heller Steffi G
机构信息
1Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Str. 55, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
2Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.
出版信息
J Occup Med Toxicol. 2020 Feb 12;15:1. doi: 10.1186/s12995-020-0253-x. eCollection 2020.
BACKGROUND
Psychosocial stressors in the workplace can be detrimental to mental health. Conflicts at work, e.g. aggression, hostility or threats from coworkers, supervisors or customers, can be considered a psychosocial stressor, possibly increasing risk for depressive symptoms. Existing studies, however, differ in the assessment of social conflicts, i.e. as individual- or job-level characteristics. Here, we investigated the association between conflicts at work assessed as objective job characteristics, and depressive symptomatology, using data from a large population-based sample. Additionally, we investigated gender differences and the impact of personality traits and social resources.
METHODS
We used data from the population-based LIFE-Adult-Study from Leipzig, Germany. Information on conflicts at work, assessed as job characteristics, were drawn from the Occupational Information Network, depressive symptoms were assessed via the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Multilevel linear regression models with individuals and occupations as levels of analysis were applied to investigate the association between conflicts at work and depressive symptoms.
RESULTS
Our sample included 2164 employed adults (age: 18-65 years, mean: 49.3, SD: 7.9) in 65 occupations. No association between conflicts s at work and depressive symptomatology was found (men: b = - 0.14; = 0.74, women: b = 0.17, = 0.72). Risk for depression was mostly explained by individual-level factors like e.g. neuroticism or level of social resources. The model showed slightly higher explanatory power in the female subsample.
CONCLUSION
Conflicts at work, assessed as objective job characteristics, were not associated with depressive symptoms. Possible links between interpersonal conflict and impaired mental health might rather be explained by subjective perceptions of social stressors and individual coping styles.
背景
工作场所中的社会心理压力源可能对心理健康有害。工作中的冲突，例如来自同事、上级或客户的攻击、敌意或威胁，可被视为一种社会心理压力源，可能会增加出现抑郁症状的风险。然而，现有研究在社会冲突的评估方面存在差异，即作为个体层面或工作层面的特征。在此，我们使用来自一个大型基于人群的样本的数据，调查了作为客观工作特征评估的工作冲突与抑郁症状之间的关联。此外，我们还调查了性别差异以及人格特质和社会资源的影响。
方法
我们使用了来自德国莱比锡基于人群的LIFE成人研究的数据。作为工作特征评估的工作冲突信息来自职业信息网络，抑郁症状通过流行病学研究中心抑郁量表进行评估。应用以个体和职业为分析层面的多水平线性回归模型来研究工作冲突与抑郁症状之间的关联。
结果
我们的样本包括65种职业中的2164名在职成年人（年龄：18 - 65岁，平均：49.3，标准差：7.9）。未发现工作冲突与抑郁症状之间存在关联（男性：b = -0.14；p = 0.74，女性：b = 0.17，p = 0.72）。抑郁风险主要由个体层面的因素解释，例如神经质或社会资源水平。该模型在女性子样本中显示出略高的解释力。
结论
作为客观工作特征评估的工作冲突与抑郁症状无关。人际冲突与心理健康受损之间的可能联系可能更多地由社会压力源的主观认知和个体应对方式来解释。
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