Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Knowledge City, Sector-81, Mohali, 140306, India.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2020 Feb 22;36(3):34. doi: 10.1007/s11274-020-02812-7.
Landfills are repository for complex microbial diversity responsible for bio-degradation of solid waste. To elucidate this complexity, samples from three different landfill sites of North India (sample V: Bhalswa near Karnal byepass road, New Delhi, India; sample T: Chandigarh, India and sample S3: Una, H.P., India) were analyzed using metagenomic approach. Selected landfill sites had different geographical location, varied in waste composition, size of landfill and climate zone. For comparison, one sample from high altitude (sample J) having less human interference was taken in this study. The aim of this study was to explore microbial diversity of communities responsible for degradation of landfill. Samples were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Data from three landfill sites showed abundance of phylum Proteobacteria while less contaminated sample from high altitude showed abundance of phylum Cholroflexi followed by phylum Proteobacteria. The most abundant genus was unknown suggesting that these landfills could be repository for various novel bacterial communities. Sample T was relatively more active in terms of microbial activity. It was relatively abundant in enzymes responsible for dioxin degradation, styrene degradation, steroid degradation, streptomycin biosynthesis, carbapenem biosynthesis, monobactam biosynthesis, furfural degradation pathways while sample J was predicted to be enriched in plant cell wall degrading enzymes. Co-occurrence analysis revealed presence of complex interaction networks between microbial assemblages responsible for bio-degradation of hydrocarbons. The data provides insights about synergetic interactions and functional interplay between bacterial communities in different landfill sites which could be further exploited to develop an effective bioremediation process.
垃圾填埋场是负责固体废弃物生物降解的复杂微生物多样性的储存库。为了阐明这种复杂性，本研究使用宏基因组学方法分析了来自印度北部三个不同垃圾填埋场的样品（样品 V：印度卡纳尔旁路路附近的 Bhalswa；样品 T：印度昌迪加尔；样品 S3：印度喜马偕尔邦的 Una）。所选的垃圾填埋场地理位置不同，废物组成、垃圾填埋场大小和气候带也不同。为了进行比较，本研究还从受人为干扰较少的高海拔地区（样品 J）采集了一个样本。本研究的目的是探索负责降解垃圾填埋场的微生物群落的多样性。通过 16S rRNA 基因测序对样品进行了表征。来自三个垃圾填埋场的数据显示，厚壁菌门的丰度较高，而受污染较少的高海拔地区样本则显示出绿弯菌门的丰度较高，其次是厚壁菌门。最丰富的属是未知的，这表明这些垃圾填埋场可能是各种新型细菌群落的储存库。就微生物活性而言，T 样品相对更为活跃。它富含负责二恶英降解、苯乙烯降解、类固醇降解、链霉素生物合成、碳青霉烯生物合成、单环β-内酰胺生物合成、糠醛降解途径的酶，而 J 样品则被预测富含植物细胞壁降解酶。共现分析揭示了负责烃类生物降解的微生物组合之间存在复杂的相互作用网络。这些数据提供了关于不同垃圾填埋场细菌群落之间协同相互作用和功能相互作用的见解，可以进一步利用这些信息来开发有效的生物修复过程。
