Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
CRISPR J. 2020 Feb;3(1):44-51. doi: 10.1089/crispr.2019.0061.
Plant-breeding technologies have expanded, accelerating breeding research beyond the confines of current regulations. The application of genome editing, such as CRISPR-Cas9, do not neatly fit into existing regulatory frameworks, creating uncertainty as to whether they can be regarded as conventionally developed varieties without further regulation. This research presents the current views of Canadian plant breeders based on a national survey of plant breeders. There is evidence that a review of existing regulations is required, as >60% anticipate the use of genome-editing technologies in the next few years. This paper reviews plant-breeding practices under the context of present plants with novel trait (PNT) regulations and where plant breeders place the use of CRISPR-Cas9 within the suite of available genome-editing options. This paper establishes when and why, or why not, breeders choose to introduce CRISPR-Cas9 into their research over other plant-breeding applications.
植物育种技术不断扩展，加速了育种研究的发展，超越了当前法规的限制。基因组编辑技术的应用，如 CRISPR-Cas9，并不完全符合现有的监管框架，因此不确定它们是否可以被视为无需进一步监管的常规开发品种。本研究基于对加拿大植物育种者的全国性调查，介绍了加拿大植物育种者目前的观点。有证据表明，需要对现有法规进行审查，因为超过 60%的人预计在未来几年内将使用基因组编辑技术。本文审查了在现有新特性植物 (PNT) 法规的背景下的植物育种实践，以及植物育种者如何将 CRISPR-Cas9 应用于一系列可用的基因组编辑选项中。本文确定了育种者何时以及为何选择将 CRISPR-Cas9 引入其研究中，而不是其他植物育种应用。
