Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Ocenográfico de Vigo, Subida a Radiofaro 50, 36390 Vigo, Spain.
IRTA, Ctra. Poble Nou, km. 5.5, 43540 Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Spain.
Toxins (Basel). 2020 Feb 21;12(2):134. doi: 10.3390/toxins12020134.
In the last decade, several outbreaks of ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) have been reported in the Canary Islands (central northeast Atlantic Ocean), confirming ciguatera as an emerging alimentary risk in this region. Five species, , , , and , have been detected in macrophytes from this area and are known to produce the ciguatoxins (CTXs) that cause CFP. A characterization of the toxicity of these species is the first step in identifying locations in the Canary Islands at risk of CFP. Therefore, in this study the toxicity of 63 strains of these five species were analysed using the erythrocyte lysis assay to evaluate their maitotoxin (MTX) content. In addition, 20 of the strains were also analysed in a neuroblastoma Neuro-2a (N2a) cytotoxicity assay to determine their CTX-like toxicity. The results allowed the different species to be grouped according to their ratios of CTX-like and MTX-like toxicity. MTX-like toxicity was especially high in and but much lower in the other species and lowest in . CTX-like toxicity was highest in , which produced the toxin in amounts ranging between 128.2 ± 25.68 and 510.6 ± 134.2 fg CTX1B equivalents (eq) cell (mean ± SD). In the other species, CTX concentrations were as follows: (100.84 ± 18.05 fg CTX1B eq cell), (31.1 ± 0.56 to 107.16 ± 21.88 fg CTX1B eq cell), (12.19 ± 0.62 to 76.79 ± 4.97 fg CTX1B eq cell) and <LOD to 90.37 ± 15.89 fg CTX1B eq cell). Unlike the similar CTX-like toxicity of and strains from different locations, and differed considerably according to the origin of the strain. These differences emphasise the importance of species identification to assess the regional risk of CFP.
在过去的十年中，加那利群岛（东北大西洋中部）报告了几起雪卡鱼中毒（CFP）疫情，证实了雪卡鱼中毒是该地区新出现的饮食风险。在该地区的大型植物中已经检测到五种鱼类，即 、 、 、 和 ，它们被认为会产生引起雪卡鱼中毒的雪卡毒素（CTXs）。这些鱼类的毒性特征是识别加那利群岛发生雪卡鱼中毒风险地点的第一步。因此，在这项研究中，使用红细胞溶解测定法分析了这五种鱼类的 63 株菌株的毒性，以评估它们的短裸甲藻毒素（MTX）含量。此外，还对 20 株菌株进行了神经母细胞瘤 Neuro-2a（N2a）细胞毒性测定，以确定它们的 CTX 类似毒性。结果根据 CTX 类似毒性和 MTX 类似毒性的比值将不同的物种进行分组。MTX 类似毒性在 和 中特别高，但在其他物种中要低得多，在 中最低。CTX 类似毒性在 中最高，其产生的毒素量在 128.2±25.68 至 510.6±134.2 fg CTX1B 当量（eq）细胞之间（平均值±SD）。在其他物种中，CTX 浓度如下： （100.84±18.05 fg CTX1B eq 细胞）、 （31.1±0.56 至 107.16±21.88 fg CTX1B eq 细胞）、 （12.19±0.62 至 76.79±4.97 fg CTX1B eq 细胞）和 <LOD 至 90.37±15.89 fg CTX1B eq 细胞）。与来自不同地点的 和 菌株的相似 CTX 类似毒性不同， 和 菌株根据菌株的来源有很大差异。这些差异强调了物种鉴定对于评估雪卡鱼中毒的区域风险的重要性。
