College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Feb 21;21(4):1482. doi: 10.3390/ijms21041482.
Many studies have revealed that circulating long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate gene and protein expression in the process of hepatic fibrosis. Liver fibrosis is a reversible wound healing response followed by excessive extracellular matrix accumulation. In the development of liver fibrosis, some lncRNAs regulate diverse cellular processes by acting as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) and binding proteins. Previous investigations demonstrated that overexpression of lncRNAs such as H19, maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3), growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5), Gm5091, NR_002155.1, and HIF 1alpha-antisense RNA 1 (HIF1A-AS1) can inhibit the progression of liver fibrosis. Furthermore, the upregulation of several lncRNAs [e.g., nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1), hox transcript antisense RNA (Hotair), and liver-enriched fibrosis-associated lncRNA1 (lnc-LFAR1)] has been reported to promote liver fibrosis. This review will focus on the functions and mechanisms of lncRNAs, the lncRNA transcriptome profile of liver fibrosis, and the main lncRNAs involved in the signalling pathways that regulate hepatic fibrosis. This review provides insight into the screening of therapeutic and diagnostic markers of liver fibrosis.
许多研究表明，循环长非编码 RNA（lncRNA）在肝纤维化过程中调节基因和蛋白质表达。肝纤维化是一种可逆转的伤口愈合反应，随后是细胞外基质过度积累。在肝纤维化的发展过程中，一些 lncRNA 通过作为竞争性内源性 RNA（ceRNA）和结合蛋白来调节多种细胞过程。先前的研究表明，lncRNA 的过表达，如 H19、母系表达基因 3（MEG3）、生长停滞特异性转录物 5（GAS5）、Gm5091、NR_002155.1 和 HIF1alpha-antisense RNA 1（HIF1A-AS1），可以抑制肝纤维化的进展。此外，一些 lncRNA 的上调[例如核斑组装转录物 1（NEAT1）、同源盒转录物反义 RNA（Hotair）和富含肝脏的纤维化相关 lncRNA1（lnc-LFAR1）]已被报道促进肝纤维化。这篇综述将重点介绍 lncRNA 的功能和机制、肝纤维化的 lncRNA 转录组谱以及调节肝纤维化的信号通路中涉及的主要 lncRNA。这篇综述为筛选肝纤维化的治疗和诊断标志物提供了思路。
