Page Kyle J, Robles Zuzuky, Rospenda Kathleen M, Mazzola Joseph J
South Dakota State University, Department of Psychology (Brookings, South Dakota).
Roosevelt University, Department of I/O Psychology (Chicago, Illinois).
Occup Health Sci. 2018 Dec;2(4):409-435. doi: 10.1007/s41542-018-0027-3. Epub 2018 Nov 8.
Although the caregiver literature has explored a wide array of different variables, there is a gap in research on how demographics of the care recipient affect their caregiver. Using data from a diverse sample of 1,007 unpaid caregivers, individuals were separated into four groups based on care recipient age; childcare, adultcare, eldercare, and those with care recipients from multiple age categories. Then, following previous literature, childcare was split into four groups based on the age of the youngest child cared for (0-2 years; 3-5 years; 6-12 years; and 13-17 years). Group differences were found in work-family conflict (time) and five types of caregiver burden. Specifically, time-dependence burden differed most between groups with caregivers of children (0-2 years) having the highest levels and caregivers of children (13-17) having the lowest levels. There were no differences found between groups for job satisfaction, turnover intentions, or family-work conflict. Additional differences were found when considering caregivers' gender. This research is an exploratory step in understanding how age of care recipient relates to different outcomes for caregivers. Implications are discussed.
尽管关于照顾者的文献探讨了一系列不同的变量，但在研究受照顾者的人口统计学特征如何影响其照顾者方面仍存在空白。利用来自1007名无薪照顾者的多样化样本数据，根据受照顾者的年龄将个体分为四组：儿童照顾、成人照顾、老年人照顾，以及那些照顾对象来自多个年龄类别的照顾者。然后，根据之前的文献，儿童照顾又根据所照顾最小孩子的年龄分为四组（0 - 2岁；3 - 5岁；6 - 12岁；13 - 17岁）。研究发现，在工作 - 家庭冲突（时间）和五种照顾者负担类型方面存在组间差异。具体而言，时间依赖负担在各组之间差异最大，照顾0 - 2岁儿童的照顾者负担水平最高，而照顾13 - 17岁儿童的照顾者负担水平最低。在工作满意度、离职意愿或家庭 - 工作冲突方面，各组之间未发现差异。在考虑照顾者的性别时，还发现了其他差异。这项研究是理解受照顾者年龄与照顾者不同结果之间关系的探索性一步。文中讨论了相关影响。
