Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, #601 Huangpu West Avenue, Guangzhou 510632, China and Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
Chem Soc Rev. 2020 Mar 23;49(6):1867-1886. doi: 10.1039/c9cs00731h.
Light is one of the non-invasive stimuli which can be used in the spatiotemporal control of chemical reactions. Over the past decade, light has found wide applications in polymer science such as polymer synthesis, release of small molecules from polymers and polymeric photosensors etc. Reviews on light-regulated polymerisations have predominately focused on the free radical process. However, the marriage of light to non-radical polymerisations, e.g. ionic, ring-opening, metathesis, step-growth and supramolecular photopolymerisations, has also spurred tremendous research interest to develop materials. These kinds of non-radical photopolymerisations, compared to the free radical approach, are advantageous in overcoming oxygen inhibition, accessing novel polymer structures and fabricating degradable and dynamic polymers. The relevant light-regulation techniques involved in these polymerisations are usually based on photolinking reactions and photoactivation of latent species. These species produce initiators, catalysts or monomers upon light irradiation to manipulate polymer formation. These techniques have been successfully implemented to adapt conditional polymerisations under light, discover novel polymerisation methods and precisely control polymer structures. This review aims to highlight the recent progress in light-regulated non-radical polymerisations in the development of polymerisation techniques as well as the applications in materials science, emphasising the remaining challenges and promising perspective in the relevant fields.
光是一种非侵入性刺激，可以用于化学反应的时空控制。在过去的十年中，光在聚合物科学中得到了广泛的应用，如聚合物合成、小分子从聚合物中的释放和聚合物光传感器等。关于光调控聚合的综述主要集中在自由基过程上。然而，将光与非自由基聚合（如离子聚合、开环聚合、复分解聚合、逐步增长聚合和超分子光聚合）结合使用，也激发了人们极大的研究兴趣，以开发材料。与自由基方法相比，这些非自由基光聚合在克服氧气抑制、获得新型聚合物结构以及制备可降解和动态聚合物方面具有优势。这些聚合中涉及的相关光调控技术通常基于光连接反应和潜伏物种的光活化。这些物质在光照射下产生引发剂、催化剂或单体，以操纵聚合物的形成。这些技术已成功地应用于适应光下的条件聚合、发现新的聚合方法和精确控制聚合物结构。本综述旨在强调光调控非自由基聚合在聚合技术发展中的最新进展以及在材料科学中的应用，强调相关领域中仍存在的挑战和有前途的前景。
