Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University Complutense of Madrid, Jose Antonio Novais 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Applied Mycology Group, Cranfield Soil and AgriFood Institute, Cranfield University, Bedford MK43 0AL, UK.
Toxins (Basel). 2020 Feb 25;12(3):142. doi: 10.3390/toxins12030142.
Aflatoxin contamination of foodstuffs poses a serious risk to food security, and it is essential to search for new control methods to prevent these toxins entering the food chain. Several essential oils are able to reduce the growth and mycotoxin biosynthesis of toxigenic species, although their efficiency is strongly influenced by the environmental conditions. In this work, the effectiveness of and essential oils to control growth was evaluated under three water activity levels (0.94, 0.96 and 0.98 a) using a Bioscreen C, a rapid in vitro spectrophotometric technique. The aflatoxin concentrations at all conditions tested were determined by HPLC-FLD. growth was delayed by both essential oil treatments. However, only essential oil was able to significantly affect aflatoxin production, although the inhibition percentages widely differed among water activities. The most significant reduction was observed at 0.96 a, which is coincident with the conditions in which reached the highest levels of aflatoxin production. On the contrary, the treatment with essential oil was not effective in significantly reducing aflatoxin production at 0.94 a Therefore, it is important to study the interaction of the new control compounds with environmental factors before their application in food matrices, and in vitro ecophysiological studies are a good option since they provide accurate and rapid results.
食品中黄曲霉毒素的污染对食品安全构成了严重威胁，因此必须寻找新的控制方法来防止这些毒素进入食物链。几种精油能够抑制产毒真菌的生长和霉菌毒素的生物合成，尽管它们的效率受到环境条件的强烈影响。在这项工作中，使用 Bioscreen C（一种快速的体外分光光度技术），在三个水活度水平（0.94、0.96 和 0.98 a）下，评估了 和 精油对 的生长的控制效果。在所有测试条件下，通过 HPLC-FLD 测定黄曲霉毒素浓度。两种精油处理都延迟了 的生长。然而，只有 精油能够显著影响黄曲霉毒素的产生，尽管抑制率在水活度之间存在很大差异。在 0.96 a 时观察到最显著的减少，这与 达到最高黄曲霉毒素产量的条件一致。相反，在 0.94 a 时，处理 精油不能显著降低黄曲霉毒素的产生。因此，在将新的控制化合物应用于食品基质之前，研究它们与环境因素的相互作用非常重要，体外生理生态研究是一个很好的选择，因为它们提供了准确和快速的结果。
