Nicol James, Fraser Rory, Walker Liam, Liu Chuan, Murphy James, Proctor Christopher John
JTN Consulting Limited, 272 Bath Street, Glasgow, Scotland G2 4JR.
British American Tobacco R&D Centre, Reagents Park Road, Southampton SO15 8TL, United Kingdom.
Chem Res Toxicol. 2020 Mar 16;33(3):789-799. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00442. Epub 2020 Mar 3.
Around 10 million people in the United States and 3 million people in the United Kingdom are estimated to use vaping category products. There are some estimates that there will be 75-80 million vapers worldwide by 2020. Most of these products are based on coil-and-wick technology. Because the heating and aerosol formation are separate processes, the system can lead to dry-wicking and elevated emission of carbonyls if designed and/or manufactured poorly. Low-nicotine and low-power coil-and-wick devices have also been linked to increased exposure to formaldehyde due to compensatory behavior by users. We characterized the emissions of a vaping product which uses a fabric-free stainless-steel mesh distiller plate technology that heats and aerosolizes the e-liquid in a single process. The plate has a microporous structure for capillary-induced liquid transformation (wicking) and aerosolization that is optimized to avoid fluid starvation and overheating and improved control. Compared with emissions previously reported for a coil-and-wick nicotine vaping product (e-cigarette), most classes of harmful and potentially harmful constituents (HPHCs) from this vaping product were below the level of detection or quantification. For those that were quantifiable, this vaping product generally had lower levels of emissions than the e-cigarette, including carbonyls. Formaldehyde and methyl glyoxal levels did not differ significantly between vaping products. In this system, the single mode of liquid transfer and vapor formation permits high aerosol mass delivery but further reduces emissions of HPHCs that may be present in conventional e-cigarette aerosol, by lessening the risk of thermal breakdown of the aerosol-generating solvent mixture.
据估计，美国约有1000万人、英国约有300万人使用电子烟类产品。有人估计，到2020年全球将有7500万至8000万电子烟使用者。这些产品大多基于线圈和吸液棉芯技术。由于加热和气溶胶形成是分开的过程，如果设计和/或制造不佳，该系统可能会导致干吸液并增加羰基化合物的排放。低尼古丁和低功率的线圈和吸液棉芯装置也因使用者的补偿行为而与甲醛暴露增加有关。我们对一种使用无织物不锈钢网蒸馏板技术的电子烟产品的排放进行了表征，该技术在单一过程中加热并雾化电子烟液。该板具有微孔结构，用于毛细管诱导的液体转化（吸液）和雾化，经过优化可避免液体短缺和过热，并改善了控制。与之前报道的一种线圈和吸液棉芯尼古丁电子烟产品（电子烟）的排放相比，该电子烟产品的大多数有害和潜在有害成分（HPHC）类别低于检测或定量水平。对于那些可量化的成分，该电子烟产品的排放水平通常低于电子烟，包括羰基化合物。电子烟产品之间的甲醛和甲基乙二醛水平没有显著差异。在该系统中，液体转移和蒸汽形成的单一模式允许高气溶胶质量输送，但通过降低气溶胶生成溶剂混合物热分解的风险，进一步减少了传统电子烟气溶胶中可能存在的HPHC排放。
