College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Research Center, King Saud Medical City Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Lancet. 2020 Mar 28;395(10229):1063-1077. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)33221-0. Epub 2020 Mar 4.
The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a lethal zoonotic pathogen that was first identified in humans in Saudi Arabia and Jordan in 2012. Intermittent sporadic cases, community clusters, and nosocomial outbreaks of MERS-CoV continue to occur. Between April 2012 and December 2019, 2499 laboratory-confirmed cases of MERS-CoV infection, including 858 deaths (34·3% mortality) were reported from 27 countries to WHO, the majority of which were reported by Saudi Arabia (2106 cases, 780 deaths). Large outbreaks of human-to-human transmission have occurred, the largest in Riyadh and Jeddah in 2014 and in South Korea in 2015. MERS-CoV remains a high-threat pathogen identified by WHO as a priority pathogen because it causes severe disease that has a high mortality rate, epidemic potential, and no medical countermeasures. This Seminar provides an update on the current knowledge and perspectives on MERS epidemiology, virology, mode of transmission, pathogenesis, diagnosis, clinical features, management, infection control, development of new therapeutics and vaccines, and highlights unanswered questions and priorities for research, improved management, and prevention.
中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒（MERS-CoV）是一种致命的人畜共患病原体，于 2012 年在沙特阿拉伯和约旦首次在人类中发现。MERS-CoV 间歇性散发性病例、社区聚集性病例和医院感染暴发仍在继续发生。自 2012 年 4 月至 2019 年 12 月，27 个国家向世卫组织报告了 2499 例实验室确诊的 MERS-CoV 感染病例，包括 858 例死亡（34.3%的死亡率），其中大多数由沙特阿拉伯报告（2106 例，780 例死亡）。已发生多起人间传播的大型暴发疫情，最大的暴发疫情发生在 2014 年的利雅得和吉达以及 2015 年的韩国。MERS-CoV 仍然是世卫组织确定的高威胁病原体，被列为优先病原体，因为它会导致高死亡率、流行潜力和无医疗对策的严重疾病。本次研讨会提供了关于 MERS 流行病学、病毒学、传播方式、发病机制、诊断、临床特征、管理、感染控制、新疗法和疫苗开发的最新知识和观点，并强调了未解决的问题和研究、改善管理和预防的优先事项。
