Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy.
Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica e Malattie Infettive, Università di Roma Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
J Infect Dev Ctries. 2020 Feb 29;14(2):199-206. doi: 10.3855/jidc.11127.
Chagas disease (CD) remains a public health concern in several Latin American countries. At global level, Bolivia has the highest CD burden and the Chaco region, in the southeast of the country, is the most affected area. We report the results of four serosurveys for Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies, carried out approximately ten years apart from each other, during the lapse 1987-2013, in different localities of the Bolivian Chaco.
Four cross-sectional surveys were conducted in various localities, mostly rural, of the Bolivian Chaco, during the period 1987-2013.
Although a reliable analysis of CD epidemiological trend is challenging, a partial reduction of anti-T. cruzi seroprevalence over the past four decades in the Bolivian Chaco may be assumed. In particular, in 1987 the exposure to T. cruzi in rural setting was universal since the first years of life, while it resulted gradually lower and age-dependent thereafter. Moreover, T. cruzi seroprevalence among women of reproductive age (15-45 years) has been persistently high in rural areas.
T. cruzi transmission is still active and CD remains a concern throughout the Bolivian Chaco. More efforts are needed in order to achieve a sustainable interruption of vector-borne CD transmission in this area.
恰加斯病（CD）仍然是拉丁美洲多个国家的公共卫生关注点。在全球范围内，玻利维亚的 CD 负担最重，该国东南部的查科地区是受影响最严重的地区。我们报告了在 1987 年至 2013 年期间，在玻利维亚查科不同地区进行的四次针对克氏锥虫抗体的血清学调查结果，这些调查大约每十年进行一次。
在 1987 年至 2013 年期间，在玻利维亚查科的不同地点（主要是农村地区）进行了四次横断面调查。
尽管对 CD 流行病学趋势进行可靠分析具有挑战性，但在过去四十年中，玻利维亚查科地区抗 T. cruzi 血清阳性率可能有所降低。特别是在 1987 年，农村地区从生命的最初几年就普遍存在感染 T. cruzi 的情况，此后感染率逐渐降低并随年龄而异。此外，农村地区育龄妇女（15-45 岁）的 T. cruzi 血清阳性率一直居高不下。
T. cruzi 的传播仍然活跃，CD 在玻利维亚查科仍然是一个关注点。需要做出更多努力，以实现该地区经媒介传播的 CD 传播的可持续中断。
