Males with Obesity and Overweight.

Global average data suggest that the prevalence of obese and overweight males is much higher than that of females in some regions. The gender gap in obese and overweight individuals has deepened in many countries, and the gap is more prominent in overweight than in obesity. In particular, the prevalence of male obesity has continuously increased in the Republic of Korea over the past two decades, whereas the increase in female obesity has slowed and may even have plateaued. The cutoff point for obesity in Korea is a body mass index of ≥25 kg/m, which is equivalent to the international classification of being overweight. Researching obesity in males is not as prevalent as studying obesity in females. Previous studies have rarely considered obesity type (android vs. gynoid), hormones (testosterone, androgen, etc.), awareness of body shape, or special resources such as exercise interventions to improve male weight issues. Adaptations to exercise interventions show individual variability as well as differences between men and women. Therefore, integrated approaches to research should be adopted, including evaluation of socio-demographic and physiological characteristics, to ensure that such interventions are not simply a symptomatic treatment but are actually treating the root cause of the obesity.