Section of Veterinary Clinical Microbiology, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
Department of Virus & Microbiological Special Diagnostics, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2020 Jul;67(4):1472-1484. doi: 10.1111/tbed.13538. Epub 2020 Mar 23.
Following its introduction into Georgia in 2007, African swine fever virus (ASFV) has become widespread on the European continent and in Asia. In many cases, the exact route of introduction into domestic pig herds cannot be determined, but most introductions are attributed to indirect virus transmission. In this review, we describe knowledge gained about different matrices that may allow introduction of the virus into pig herds. These matrices include uncooked pig meat, processed pig-derived products, feed, matrices contaminated with the virus and blood-feeding invertebrates. Knowledge gaps still exist, and both field studies and laboratory research are needed to enhance understanding of the risks for ASFV introductions, especially via virus-contaminated materials, including bedding and feed, and via blood-feeding, flying insects. Knowledge obtained from such studies can be applied to epidemiological risk assessments for the different transmission routes. Such assessments can be utilized to help predict the most effective biosecurity and control strategies.
2007 年传入格鲁吉亚后，非洲猪瘟病毒（ASFV）在欧洲和亚洲广泛传播。在许多情况下，无法确定其传入国内猪群的确切途径，但大多数传入归因于间接病毒传播。在本综述中，我们描述了关于可能将病毒引入猪群的不同媒介物的知识。这些媒介物包括未煮熟的猪肉、加工的猪源性产品、饲料、受病毒污染的基质以及吸血无脊椎动物。目前仍存在知识空白，需要进行现场研究和实验室研究，以增强对 ASFV 传入风险的认识，特别是通过受病毒污染的材料（包括垫料和饲料）以及通过吸血、飞行昆虫进行传播的风险。从这些研究中获得的知识可用于对不同传播途径的流行病学风险评估。此类评估可用于帮助预测最有效的生物安全和控制策略。
