Pietrzak Elzbieta, Mazurkiewicz Jan, Slawinska Anna
Department of Animal Biotechnology and Genetics, UTP University of Science and Technology, Mazowiecka 28, 85-084 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Division of Inland Fisheries and Aquaculture, Institute of Zoology Wojska Polskiego 71c, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-625 Poznań, Poland.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Mar 5;10(3):438. doi: 10.3390/ani10030438.
Galactooligosaccharides (GOS) are well-known immunomodulatory prebiotics. We hypothesize that GOS supplemented in feed modulates innate immune responses in the skin-associated lymphoid tissue (SALT) of common carp. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of GOS on mRNA expression of the immune-related genes in skin mucosa. During the feeding trial, the juvenile fish (bodyweight 180 ± 5 g) were fed two types of diet for 50 days: control and supplemented with 2% GOS. At the end of the trial, a subset of fish was euthanized (n = 8). Skin mucosa was collected, and RNA was extracted. Gene expression analysis was performed with RT-qPCR to determine the mRNA abundance of the genes associated with innate immune responses in SALT, i.e., acute-phase protein (CRP), antimicrobial proteins ( and ), cytokines (, , , , and ), lectin (), lyzosymes ( and ), mucin (), peroxidase (), proteases ( and ), and oxidoreductase (). The geometric mean of and was used to normalize the data. Relative quantification of the gene expression was calculated with ∆∆Ct. GOS upregulated ( ≤ 0.05) and ( ≤ 0.05), and downregulated ( ≤ 0.01). We conclude that GOS modulates innate immune responses in the skin mucosa of common carp.
低聚半乳糖（GOS）是众所周知的具有免疫调节作用的益生元。我们推测，饲料中添加GOS可调节鲤鱼皮肤相关淋巴组织（SALT）中的先天性免疫反应。本研究的目的是确定GOS对皮肤黏膜中免疫相关基因mRNA表达的影响。在饲养试验期间，将幼鱼（体重180±5克）投喂两种饲料，持续50天：对照饲料和添加2%GOS的饲料。试验结束时，对一部分鱼实施安乐死（n = 8）。采集皮肤黏膜，提取RNA。采用RT-qPCR进行基因表达分析，以确定SALT中与先天性免疫反应相关基因的mRNA丰度，即急性期蛋白（CRP）、抗菌蛋白（和）、细胞因子（、、、、和）、凝集素（）、溶菌酶（和）、粘蛋白（）、过氧化物酶（）、蛋白酶（和）以及氧化还原酶（）。使用和的几何平均值对数据进行标准化。基因表达的相对定量采用∆∆Ct计算。GOS上调了（≤0.05）和（≤0.05），并下调了（≤0.01）。我们得出结论，GOS可调节鲤鱼皮肤黏膜中的先天性免疫反应。
