Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London NW1 0TU, UK,
Department of Ecosystem and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6, Canada.
Viruses. 2020 Mar 7;12(3):293. doi: 10.3390/v12030293.
In the recent past, peste des petits ruminants (PPR) emerged in East Africa causing outbreaks in small livestock across different countries, with evidences of spillover to wildlife. In order to understand better PPR at the wildlife-livestock interface, we investigated patterns of peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) exposure, disease outbreaks, and viral sequences in the northern Albertine Rift. PPRV antibodies indicated a widespread exposure in apparently healthy wildlife from South Sudan (2013) and Uganda (2015, 2017). African buffaloes and Uganda kobs <1-year-old from Queen Elizabeth National Park (2015) had antibodies against PPRV N-antigen and local serosurvey captured a subsequent spread of PPRV in livestock. Outbreaks with PPR-like syndrome in sheep and goats were recorded around the Greater Virunga Landscape in Kasese (2016), Kisoro and Kabale (2017) from western Uganda, and in North Kivu (2017) from eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). This landscape would not be considered typical for PPR persistence as it is a mixed forest-savannah ecosystem with mostly sedentary livestock. PPRV sequences from DRC (2017) were identical to strains from Burundi (2018) and confirmed a transboundary spread of PPRV. Our results indicate an epidemiological linkage between epizootic cycles in livestock and exposure in wildlife, denoting the importance of PPR surveillance on wild artiodactyls for both conservation and eradication programs.
在最近的过去，小反刍兽疫（PPR）在东非出现，导致不同国家的小牲畜爆发疫情，并出现向野生动物溢出的证据。为了更好地了解野生动物-牲畜界面的 PPR，我们调查了在阿尔伯丁裂谷北部的 PPRV 暴露、疫情爆发和病毒序列模式。PPRV 抗体表明，来自南苏丹（2013 年）和乌干达（2015 年、2017 年）的明显健康野生动物广泛接触 PPRV。来自伊丽莎白女王国家公园的非洲水牛和乌干达科布<1 岁（2015 年）对 PPRV N 抗原有抗体，当地血清学调查捕捉到随后 PPRV 在牲畜中的传播。在基索罗和卡巴莱（2017 年）的乌干达西部，以及在北基伍（2017 年）的刚果民主共和国（DRC）东部，记录了在大维龙加景观周围的绵羊和山羊中发生的类似于 PPR 的综合征爆发。从西乌干达的卡塞（2016 年）和基索罗和卡巴莱（2017 年）以及来自东 DRC 的北基伍（2017 年）记录到了类似于 PPR 的综合征爆发。由于该景观是一个以混合森林-稀树草原生态系统为主的牲畜基本定居的地区，因此不被认为是 PPR 持续存在的典型地区。来自 DRC（2017 年）的 PPRV 序列与布隆迪（2018 年）的毒株相同，证实了 PPRV 的跨境传播。我们的结果表明，牲畜的流行周期与野生动物的暴露之间存在流行病学联系，这表明对野生有蹄类动物进行 PPR 监测对于保护和根除计划都很重要。
