Sorensen Cecilia, Saunik Sujata, Sehgal Meena, Tewary Anwesha, Govindan Mini, Lemery Jay, Balbus John
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Bethesda MD USA.
Department of Emergency Medicine University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora CO USA.
Geohealth. 2018 Oct 17;2(10):283-297. doi: 10.1029/2018GH000163. eCollection 2018 Oct.
Climate change impacts on health, including increased exposures to heat, poor air quality, extreme weather events, and altered vector-borne disease transmission, reduced water quality, and decreased food security, affect men and women differently due to biologic, socioeconomic, and cultural factors. In India, where rapid environmental changes are taking place, climate change threatens to widen existing gender-based health disparities. Integration of a gendered perspective into existing climate, development, and disaster-risk reduction policy frameworks can decrease negative health outcomes. Modifying climate risks requires multisector coordination, improvement in data acquisition, monitoring of gender specific targets, and equitable stakeholder engagement. Empowering women as agents of social change can improve mitigation and adaptation policy interventions.
气候变化对健康的影响，包括更多地暴露于高温、空气质量差、极端天气事件、媒介传播疾病传播模式改变、水质下降和粮食安全降低等，由于生物学、社会经济和文化因素，对男性和女性的影响有所不同。在环境正在迅速变化的印度，气候变化有可能加剧现有的基于性别的健康差距。将性别视角纳入现有的气候、发展和减少灾害风险政策框架，可以减少对健康的负面影响。应对气候风险需要多部门协调、改进数据收集、监测针对性别的目标以及利益相关者的公平参与。赋予妇女作为社会变革推动者的权力，可以改善缓解和适应政策干预措施。
