Association of , , and Polymorphisms With Chronic Kidney Disease Susceptibility: A Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND

Anti-inflammatory cytokine polymorphisms in the transforming growth factor-β1 (), interleukin-4 (), and genes have been implicated as risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD), but the results from published studies are inconsistent. Our meta-analysis reviews and summarizes the cumulative evidence for these associations.

METHODS

A systematic literature search of five databases was performed up to October 2019. Two authors independently extracted data and evaluated the quality of included studies. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were generated from random-effects or fixed-effects models using Stata 12.0.

RESULTS

Nineteen studies from 10 countries satisfied our inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, the pooled analysis showed that rs1800469 was associated with decreased susceptibility to CKD (CC + TC . TT, OR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.15-0.76, P = 0.009; CC . TT, OR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.15-0.73, P = 0.006), whereas rs1800471 was associated with increased CKD susceptibility (CC . CG + GG, OR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.02-2.77, P = 0.041). In stratified analyses based on ethnicity, rs1800469 was associated with CKD susceptibility in Asians and Caucasians, and there was an association of rs1800470 and rs8179190 with CKD in Asians. Stratified analyses also associated rs1800471 with CKD susceptibility in Caucasians. Neither overall meta-analyses nor stratified analyses identified an association of the rs1800869 and rs1800871 polymorphisms with susceptibility to CKD.

CONCLUSIONS

Available data suggest that common polymorphisms in the and genes including rs1800469, rs1800470, rs1800471, and rs8179190 may be important genetic contributors to CKD susceptibility.